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The $\Lambda$CDM framework offers a remarkably good description of our universe with a very small number of free parameters, which can be determined with high accuracy from currently available data. However, this does not mean that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-22 Yves Zolnierowski , Alain Blanchard

I briefly outline a new physical interpretation to the average cosmological parameters for an inhomogeneous universe with backreaction. The variance in local geometry and gravitational energy between ideal isotropic observers in bound…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-31 David L. Wiltshire

The effective evolution of an inhomogeneous universe model in any theory of gravitation may be described in terms of spatially averaged variables. In Einstein's theory, restricting attention to scalar variables, this evolution can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Thomas Buchert

Motivated by results implying that the constituents of dark matter (DM) might be collisional, we consider a cosmological (toy-) model, in which the DM itself possesses some sort of thermodynamic properties. In this case, not only can the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-19 Kostas Kleidis , Nicholas K. Spyrou

Decaying Dark Energy models modify the background evolution of the most common observables, such as the Hubble function, the luminosity distance and the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature-redshift scaling relation. We use the most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-05 Ivan de Martino

We examine the dark energy and matter densities allowed by precision measurements of distances out to various redshifts, in the presence of spatial curvature and (near) arbitrary behavior of the dark energy equation of state. Degeneracies…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-22 Arman Shafieloo , Eric V. Linder

Recent studies by a number of independent collaborations, have correlated the CMB temperatures measured by the WMAP satellite with different galaxy surveys that trace the matter distribution with light from the whole range of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Gaztanaga , M. Manera , T. Multamaki

Following the success of type Ia supernovae in constraining cosmologies at lower redshift $(z\lesssim2)$, effort has been spent determining if a similarly useful standardisable candle can be found at higher redshift. {In this work we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Per Andersen , Jens Hjorth

The luminosity distance-redshift relation is one of the fundamental tools of modern cosmology. We compute the luminosity distance-redshift relation in a perturbed flat matter-dominated Universe, taking into account the presence of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Enrico Barausse , Sabino Matarrese , Antonio Riotto

A phenomenological formalism is presented in which the apparent acceleration of the universe is generated by large-scale structure formation, thus eliminating the coincidence and magnitude fine-tuning problems of the Cosmological Constant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-14 Brett Bochner

We perform multi-plane ray-tracing using the GLAMER gravitational lensing code within high-resolution light-cones extracted from the CoDECS simulations: a suite of cosmological runs featuring a coupling between Dark Energy and Cold Dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Carlo Giocoli , R. Benton Metcalf , Marco Baldi , Massimo Meneghetti , Lauro Moscardini , Margarita Petkova

Geometrothermodynamics is a geometric theory which combines thermodynamics with contact and Riemannian geometry. In this work we use the formalism of geometrothermodynamics to infer cosmological models which predict the observed speed up.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-12 Alessandro Bravetti , Orlando Luongo

The presence of dark energy in the Universe is inferred directly from the accelerated expansion of the Universe, and indirectly, from measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. Dark energy contributes about 2/3 of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Dragan Huterer , Michael S. Turner

In this work, we investigate a cosmological scenario with a time-dependent cosmological constant $\Lambda$(t) within the spatially flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) framework. Here we study a power-law $\Lambda(t)$CDM model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Archana Dixit , Manish Yadav , Anirudh Pradhan , M. S. Barak

The mass function of cluster-size halos and their redshift distribution are computed for 12 distinct accelerating cosmological scenarios and confronted to the predictions of the conventional flat $\Lambda$CDM model. The comparison with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-27 S. Basilakos , M. Plionis , J. A. S. Lima

The presence of dark energy in the Universe is inferred directly from the accelerated expansion of the Universe, and indirectly, from measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. Dark energy contributes about 2/3 of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 Dragan Huterer , Michael S. Turner

Following the holographic principle, which suggests that the energy density of dark energy may be proportional inversely to the area of the event horizon of the Universe, we have proposed a new energy density of dark energy through the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-25 H. R. Fazlollahi

We show that, in flat $\Lambda$CDM, low-redshift structure probes -- cluster abundances, 3$\times$2-point analyses, and full-shape clustering -- are mutually consistent, jointly delivering precise constraints on $\sigma_8$ and $\Omega_{\rm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-11 Andrés N. Salcedo , Eduardo Rozo , Hao-Yi Wu , Shulei Cao , Enrique Paillas , Hanyu Zhang , Eli S. Rykoff

Cosmological dark energy is a natural source of variation of the fine structure constant. Using a model-independent approach we show that once general assumptions about the alpha-varying interactions are made, astronomical probes of its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 David Parkinson , Bruce A. Bassett , John D. Barrow

Persisting tensions between high-redshift and low-redshift cosmological observations suggest the dark energy sector of the Universe might be more complex than the positive cosmological constant of the $\Lambda$CDM model. Motivated by string…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Luca Visinelli , Sunny Vagnozzi , Ulf Danielsson
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