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Graph partitioning is the problem of dividing the nodes of a graph into balanced partitions while minimizing the edge cut across the partitions. Due to its combinatorial nature, many approximate solutions have been developed, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Azade Nazi , Will Hang , Anna Goldie , Sujith Ravi , Azalia Mirhoseini

Long-tail learning has garnered widespread attention and achieved significant progress in recent times. However, even with pre-trained prior knowledge, models still exhibit weaker generalization performance on tail classes. The promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mengke Li , Ye Liu , Yang Lu , Yiqun Zhang , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hui Huang

Recent studies show that transformer-based architectures emulate gradient descent during a forward pass, contributing to in-context learning capabilities - an ability where the model adapts to new tasks based on a sequence of prompt…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Karthik Duraisamy

Large language models require continuous adaptation to new tasks while preserving safety alignment. However, fine-tuning on even benign data often compromises safety behaviors, including refusal of harmful requests, truthfulness, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Thong Bach , Dung Nguyen , Thao Minh Le , Truyen Tran

We propose a robust gradient estimator based on per-sample gradient clipping and analyze its properties both theoretically and empirically. We show that the resulting method, per-sample clipped SGD (PS-Clip-SGD), achieves optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Davide Nobile , Philipp Grohs

Gradient-based data attribution methods, such as influence functions, are critical for understanding the impact of individual training samples without requiring repeated model retraining. However, their scalability is often limited by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Pingbang Hu , Joseph Melkonian , Weijing Tang , Han Zhao , Jiaqi W. Ma

Imbalanced classification datasets pose significant challenges in machine learning, often leading to biased models that perform poorly on underrepresented classes. With the rise of foundation models, recent research has focused on the full,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Nakul Sharma

Gradient clipping is widely used to stabilize deep network training, but its formulation as a hard, fixed threshold limits flexibility and ignores gradient distribution dynamics. We propose SPAMP (Statistical Per-layer Adaptive Modulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Haochen You , Baojing Liu

In many real-world applications, the frequency distribution of class labels for training data can exhibit a long-tailed distribution, which challenges traditional approaches of training deep neural networks that require heavy amounts of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Richard Franklin , Jiawei Yao , Deyang Zhong , Qi Qian , Juhua Hu

Radiologists rely on anatomical understanding to accurately delineate pathologies, yet most current deep learning approaches use pure pattern recognition and ignore the anatomical context in which pathologies develop. To narrow this gap, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Keyi Li , Alexander Jaus , Jens Kleesiek , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a key strategy for adapting large language models, with recent advances in sparse tuning reducing overhead by selectively updating key parameters or subsets of data. Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Kai Yao , Zhenghan Song , Kaixin Wu , Mingjie Zhong , Danzhao Cheng , Zhaorui Tan , Yixin Ji , Penglei Gao

Task-Oriented Grasping (TOG) requires robots to select grasps that are functionally appropriate for a specified task - a challenge that demands an understanding of task semantics, object affordances, and functional constraints. We present…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shailesh , Alok Raj , Nayan Kumar , Priya Shukla , Andrew Melnik , Michael Beetz , Gora Chand Nandi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in modeling sequential textual data and generalizing across diverse tasks. However, adapting LLMs to effectively handle structural data, such as knowledge graphs or web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Jiarui Feng , Donghong Cai , Yixin Chen , Muhan Zhang

We introduce GRASP, a simple Bayesian framework for regression with grouped predictors, built on the normal beta prime (NBP) prior. The NBP prior is an adaptive generalization of the horseshoe prior with tunable hyperparameters that control…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-24 Shu Yu Tew , Daniel F. Schmidt , Mario Boley

We investigate high-dimensional sparse regression when both the noise and the design matrix exhibit heavy-tailed behavior. Standard algorithms typically fail in this regime, as heavy-tailed covariates distort the empirical risk geometry. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Kaiyuan Zhou , Xiaoyu Zhang , Wenyang Zhang , Di Wang

Many tasks in modern machine learning are observed to involve heavy-tailed gradient noise during the optimization process. To manage this realistic and challenging setting, new mechanisms, such as gradient clipping and gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Zijian Liu

Accurate segmentation of the optic disc and cup is critical for the early diagnosis and management of ocular diseases such as glaucoma. However, segmentation models trained on one dataset often suffer significant performance degradation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Rini Smita Thakur , Rajeev Ranjan Dwivedi , Vinod K Kurmi

A representation gap exists between grasp synthesis for rigid and soft grippers. Anygrasp [1] and many other grasp synthesis methods are designed for rigid parallel grippers, and adapting them to soft grippers often fails to capture their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Tanisha Parulekar , Ge Shi , Josh Pinskier , David Howard , Jen Jen Chung

This paper presents a gradient-informed fine-tuning method for large language models under few-shot conditions. The goal is to enhance task adaptability and training stability when data is limited. The method builds on a base loss function…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongye Zheng , Yichen Wang , Ray Pan , Guiran Liu , Binrong Zhu , Hanlu Zhang

Feature selection remains a major challenge in medical prediction, where existing approaches such as LASSO often lack robustness and interpretability. We introduce GRASP, a novel framework that couples Shapley value driven attribution with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yuheng Luo , Shuyan Li , Zhong Cao