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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown strong decision-making capabilities in autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs often struggle with achieving efficient inference and generalizing to novel autonomous vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Dapeng Zhang , Zhenlong Yuan , Zhangquan Chen , Chih-Ting Liao , Yinda Chen , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou , Tat-Seng Chua

Response generation for task-oriented dialogues involves two basic components: dialogue planning and surface realization. These two components, however, have a discrepancy in their objectives, i.e., task completion and language quality. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Xinting Huang , Jianzhong Qi , Yu Sun , Rui Zhang

Real-world multimodal applications often require any-to-any capabilities, enabling both understanding and generation across modalities including text, image, audio, and video. However, integrating the strengths of autoregressive language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Jiulin Li , Ping Huang , Yexin Li , Shuo Chen , Juewen Hu , Ye Tian

Vision-language models (VLMs) are highly effective but often underperform on specialized tasks; for example, Llava-1.5 struggles with chart and diagram understanding due to scarce task-specific training data. Existing training data, sourced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Siddharth Joshi , Besmira Nushi , Vidhisha Balachandran , Varun Chandrasekaran , Vibhav Vineet , Neel Joshi , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Despite progress, Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) are limited by a scarcity of large-scale, diverse robot data. While human manipulation videos offer a rich alternative, existing methods are forced to choose between small,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Hao Luo , Ye Wang , Wanpeng Zhang , Haoqi Yuan , Yicheng Feng , Haiweng Xu , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

Equipping embodied agents with the ability to reason about tasks, foresee physical outcomes, and generate precise actions is essential for general-purpose manipulation. While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have leveraged…

Vision-Language-Action~(VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, yet they still struggle to generalize to unseen tasks that necessitate transferring relevant experience across objects, scenes, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shengyu Si , Yuanzhuo Lu , Ruimeng Yang , Ziyi Ye , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Despite the promise of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models as generalist robotic controllers, their robustness against perceptual noise and environmental variations in out-of-distribution (OOD) tasks remains fundamentally limited by the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zhuoran Li , Zhiyang Li , Kaijun Zhou , Jinyu Gu

A unified video and action model holds significant promise for robotics, where videos provide rich scene information for action prediction, and actions provide dynamics information for video prediction. However, effectively combining video…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Shuang Li , Yihuai Gao , Dorsa Sadigh , Shuran Song

Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from replicating human-like behaviors, generalizing effectively in multi-agent scenarios, and overcoming inherent interpretability issues.These tasks are compounded when deep environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Miao Zhang , Zhenlong Fang , Tianyi Wang , Qian Zhang , Shuai Lu , Junfeng Jiao , Tianyu Shi

While a general embodied agent must function as a unified system, current methods are built on isolated models for understanding, world modeling, and control. This fragmentation prevents unifying multimodal generative capabilities and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Hongzhe Bi , Hengkai Tan , Shenghao Xie , Zeyuan Wang , Shuhe Huang , Haitian Liu , Ruowen Zhao , Yao Feng , Chendong Xiang , Yinze Rong , Hongyan Zhao , Hanyu Liu , Zhizhong Su , Lei Ma , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for general-purpose robot control through natural language instructions. However, their high inference cost-stemming from large-scale token computation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xudong Tan , Yaoxin Yang , Peng Ye , Jialin Zheng , Bizhe Bai , Xinyi Wang , Jia Hao , Tao Chen

Embodied intelligence is often studied through specialized models for individual tasks such as manipulation or navigation, resulting in fragmented capabilities and limited generalization across tasks, environments, and robot embodiments. In…

Vision Language Action (VLA) models represent a transformative shift in robotics, with the aim of unifying visual perception, natural language understanding, and embodied control within a single learning framework. This review presents a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Muhayy Ud Din , Waseem Akram , Lyes Saad Saoud , Jan Rosell , Irfan Hussain

Existing Large Language Model (LLM) agents struggle in interactive environments requiring long-horizon planning, primarily due to compounding errors when simulating future states. To address this, we propose ProAct, a framework that enables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yangbin Yu , Mingyu Yang , Junyou Li , Yiming Gao , Feiyu Liu , Yijun Yang , Zichuan Lin , Jiafei Lyu , Yicheng Liu , Zhicong Lu , Deheng Ye , Jie Jiang

The rise of multi-modal large language models(MLLMs) has spurred their applications in autonomous driving. Recent MLLM-based methods perform action by learning a direct mapping from perception to action, neglecting the dynamics of the world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Julong Wei , Shanshuai Yuan , Pengfei Li , Qingda Hu , Zhongxue Gan , Wenchao Ding

Vision-language-action (VLA) models remain constrained by the scarcity of action-labeled robot data, whereas action-free videos provide abundant evidence of how the physical world changes. Latent action models offer a promising way to…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have become a cornerstone in robotic policy learning, leveraging large-scale multimodal data for robust and scalable control. However, existing VLA frameworks primarily address short-horizon tasks, and…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a compelling framework for tackling complex robotic manipulation tasks, but they are often expensive to train. In this paper, we propose a novel VLA approach that leverages the competitive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Max Argus , Jelena Bratulic , Houman Masnavi , Maxim Velikanov , Nick Heppert , Abhinav Valada , Thomas Brox

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved strong semantic generalization for embodied policy learning, yet they learn reactive observation-to-action mappings without explicitly modeling how the physical world evolves under…