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In this paper, we introduce a matrix for a mixed graph, called the integrated adjacency matrix. This matrix uniquely determines a mixed graph, as long as the indices of the matrix are specified. Additionally, we associate an (undirected)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 G. Kalaivani , R. Rajkumar

Matroid theory is often thought of as a generalization of graph theory. In this paper we propose an analogous correspondence between embedded graphs and delta-matroids. We show that delta-matroids arise as the natural extension of graphic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-04 Carolyn Chun , Iain Moffatt , Steven D. Noble , Ralf Rueckriemen

We introduce the graph theoretical parameter of edge treewidth. This parameter occurs in a natural way as the tree-like analogue of cutwidth or, alternatively, as an edge-analogue of treewidth. We study the combinatorial properties of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Loïc Magne , Christophe Paul , Abhijat Sharma , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

Knowledge graph embedding involves learning representations of entities -- the vertices of the graph -- and relations -- the edges of the graph -- such that the resulting representations encode the known factual information represented by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Thomas Gebhart , Jakob Hansen , Paul Schrater

In this paper we examine the classes of graphs whose $K_n$-complements are trees and quasi-threshold graphs and derive formulas for their number of spanning trees; for a subgraph $H$ of $K_n$, the $K_n$-complement of $H$ is the graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stavros D. Nikolopoulos , Charis Papadopoulos

We introduce a new one-variable polynomial invariant of graphs, which we call the skew characteristic polynomial. For an oriented simple graph, this is just the characteristic polynomial of its anti-symmetric adjacency matrix. For…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-14 R. Dogra , S. Lando

The Matrix-Tree Theorem states that the number of spanning trees of a graph is given by the absolute value of any cofactor of the Laplacian matrix of the graph. We propose a very short proof of this result which amounts to comparing Taylor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Amitai Netser Zernik

We introduce a hypergraph matrix, named the unified matrix, and use it to represent the hypergraph as a graph. We show that the unified matrix of a hypergraph is identical to the adjacency matrix of the associated graph. This enables us to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-12 R. Vishnupriya , R. Rajkumar

This paper is a continuation of arXiv:1612.03873. We prove a three-parameter family of identities (Theorem 1.1) involving a version of the Tutte polynomial for directed graphs introduced by Awan and Bernardi in arXiv:1610.01839. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-14 Yurii Burman

A matrix-weighted graph is an undirected graph with a $k\times k$ positive semidefinite matrix assigned to each edge. There are natural generalizations of the Laplacian and adjacency matrices for such graphs. These matrices can be used to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-28 Jakob Hansen

We present an elementary proof of a generalization of Kirchoff's matrix tree theorem to directed, weighted graphs. The proof is based on a specific factorization of the Laplacian matrices associated to the graphs, which only involves the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-30 Patrick De Leenheer

We prove that the inclusion from oriented graph complex into graph complex with at least one source is a quasi-isomorphism, showing that homology of the "sourced" graph complex is also equal to the homology of standard Kontsevich's graph…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-02-14 Marko Živković

We prove that every oriented tree on $n$ vertices with bounded maximum degree appears as a spanning subdigraph of every directed graph on $n$ vertices with minimum semidegree at least $n/2+o(n)$. This can be seen as a directed graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Richard Mycroft , Tássio Naia

A graph drawing in the plane is called an almost embedding if the images of any two non-adjacent simplices (i.e. vertices or edges) are disjoint. Almost embeddings (more precisely, their higher-dimensional analogues) naturally appear in…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-10 E. Alkin , A. Miroshnikov , A. Skopenkov

In this paper, we explore some interesting applications of the matrix tree theorem. In particular, we present a combinatorial interpretation of a distribution of $(n-1)^{n-1}$, in the context of uprooted spanning trees of the complete graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Nayana Shibu Deepthi , Chanchal Kumar

Finding a new mathematical representations for graph, which allows direct comparison between different graph structures, is an open-ended research direction. Having such a representation is the first prerequisite for a variety of machine…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-04-21 Anshumali Shrivastava , Ping Li

In this work, we propose trait-based merge trees a generalization of merge trees to feature level sets, targeting the analysis of tensor field or general multi-variate data. For this, we employ the notion of traits defined in attribute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Jochen Jankowai , Talha Bin Masood , Ingrid Hotz

Restrictions of incidence-preserving path maps produce an oriented hypergraphic All Minors Matrix-tree Theorems for Laplacian and adjacency matrices. The images of these maps produce a locally signed graphic, incidence generalization, of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Ellen Robinson , Lucas J. Rusnak , Martin Schmidt , Piyush Shroff

Graph invariants are a useful tool in graph theory. Not only do they encode useful information about the graphs to which they are associated, but complete invariants can be used to distinguish between non-isomorphic graphs. Polynomial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , Yukihiro Murakami

This paper proposes a novel representation of decomposable graphs based on semi-latent tree-dependent bipartite graphs. The novel representation has two main benefits. First, it enables a form of sub-clustering within maximal cliques of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-05 Mohamad Elmasri