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Trajectory prediction serves as a critical functionality in autonomous driving, enabling the anticipation of future motion paths for traffic participants such as vehicles and pedestrians, which is essential for driving safety. Although…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Wei Dai , Shengen Wu , Wei Wu , Zhenhao Wang , Sisuo Lyu , Haicheng Liao , Limin Yu , Weiping Ding , Runwei Guan , Yutao Yue

While large language models (LLMs) have seen unprecedented advancements in capabilities and applications across a variety of use-cases, safety alignment of these models is still an area of active research. The fragile nature of LLMs, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Amrita Bhattacharjee , Shaona Ghosh , Traian Rebedea , Christopher Parisien

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted growing interest for their strong reasoning and semantic understanding abilities, which are essential for handling complex decision-making and long-tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Thomas Monninger , Shaoyuan Xie , Qi Alfred Chen , Sihao Ding

Autonomous driving technology, a catalyst for revolutionizing transportation and urban mobility, has the tend to transition from rule-based systems to data-driven strategies. Traditional module-based systems are constrained by cumulative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhenjie Yang , Xiaosong Jia , Hongyang Li , Junchi Yan

Medical vision-language models (VLMs) combine computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP) to analyze visual and textual medical data. Our paper reviews recent advancements in developing VLMs specialized for healthcare,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Iryna Hartsock , Ghulam Rasool

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Conversation agents powered by large language models are revolutionizing the way we interact with visual data. Recently, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have been extensively studied for both images and videos. However, these studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Juseong Jin , Chang Wook Jeong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) face safety misalignment, where visual inputs enable harmful outputs. To address this, existing methods require explicit safety labels or contrastive data; yet, threat-related concepts are concrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Qishun Yang , Shu Yang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer the ability to generate high-level, interpretable descriptions of complex activities from images and videos, making them valuable for situational awareness (SA) applications. In such settings, the focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Pavana Pradeep , Krishna Kant , Suya Yu

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in understanding and reasoning about both visual and textual information. However, existing evaluation methods for LVLMs, primarily based on benchmarks like Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Xinyu Wang , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Following road safety norms is non-negotiable not only for humans but also for the AI systems that govern autonomous vehicles. In this work, we evaluate how well multi-modal large language models (LLMs) understand road safety concepts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Chalamalasetti Kranti

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have garnered increasing interest in autonomous driving areas, due to their advanced capabilities in complex reasoning tasks essential for highly autonomous vehicle behavior. Despite their potential,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Ming Nie , Renyuan Peng , Chunwei Wang , Xinyue Cai , Jianhua Han , Hang Xu , Li Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold the potential to enhance autonomous driving by combining domain-independent world knowledge with context-specific language guidance. Their integration into autonomous driving systems shows…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Tin Stribor Sohn , Philipp Reis , Maximilian Dillitzer , Johannes Bach , Jason J. Corso , Eric Sax

Existing learning-based autonomous driving (AD) systems face challenges in comprehending high-level information, generalizing to rare events, and providing interpretability. To address these problems, this work employs Large Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Hao Sha , Yao Mu , Yuxuan Jiang , Li Chen , Chenfeng Xu , Ping Luo , Shengbo Eben Li , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan , Mingyu Ding

Despite significant recent progress in the field of autonomous driving, modern methods still struggle and can incur serious accidents when encountering long-tail unforeseen events and challenging urban scenarios. On the one hand, large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Hao Shao , Yuxuan Hu , Letian Wang , Steven L. Waslander , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Ensuring safe decision-making in autonomous vehicles remains a fundamental challenge despite rapid advances in end-to-end learning approaches. Traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods rely on manually engineered rewards or sparse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Zhengyang Wan , Yansong Qu , Junwei You , Sicong Jiang , Sikai Chen

Empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs), recent advancements in Video-based LLMs (VideoLLMs) have driven progress in various video understanding tasks. These models encode video representations through pooling or query aggregation over a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yuetian Weng , Mingfei Han , Haoyu He , Xiaojun Chang , Bohan Zhuang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, the field still lacks a practical platform that enables dynamic model updates, rapid validation, fair comparison, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhijie Qiao , Haowei Li , Zhong Cao , Henry X. Liu

This survey and application guide to multimodal large language models(MLLMs) explores the rapidly developing field of MLLMs, examining their architectures, applications, and impact on AI and Generative Models. Starting with foundational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chia Xin Liang , Pu Tian , Caitlyn Heqi Yin , Yao Yua , Wei An-Hou , Li Ming , Xinyuan Song , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Ming Liu