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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) face significant safety vulnerabilities from malicious prompt attacks due to weakened alignment during visual integration. Existing defenses suffer from efficiency and robustness. To address these challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peigui Qi , Kunsheng Tang , Yanpu Yu , Jialin Wu , Yide Song , Wenbo Zhou , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, code generation, and complex planning. Simultaneously, Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have garnered attention for their potential to enable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Can Zheng , Yuhan Cao , Xiaoning Dong , Tianxing He

Traditional, centralized security tools often miss adaptive, multi-vector attacks. We present the Multi-Agent LLM Cyber Defense Framework (MALCDF), a practical setup where four large language model (LLM) agents-Detection, Intelligence,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Arth Bhardwaj , Sia Godika , Yuvam Loonker

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) unlock powerful multimodal reasoning but also expand the attack surface, particularly through adversarial inputs that conceal harmful goals in benign prompts. We propose SHIELD, a lightweight,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Juan Ren , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) built on Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit high variance in their reasoning trajectories. Process verification, which evaluates intermediate steps in trajectories, has shown promise in general reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vishal Venkataramani , Haizhou Shi , Zixuan Ke , Austin Xu , Xiaoxiao He , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz , Hao Wang , Shafiq Joty

System prompts are critical for guiding the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet they often contain proprietary logic or sensitive information, making them a prime target for extraction attacks. Adversarial queries can successfully…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Huseein Jawad , Nicolas Brunel

The past two years have witnessed the meteoric rise of Large Language Model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS), which harness collective intelligence and exhibit a remarkable trajectory toward self-evolution. This paradigm has rapidly…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kun Wang , Guibin Zhang , ManKit Ye , Xinyu Deng , Dongxia Wang , Xiaobin Hu , Jinyang Guo , Yang Liu , Yufei Guo

Multi-agent debate (MAD) is an emerging approach to improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Existing MAD methods rely on multiple rounds of interaction among agents to reach consensus, and the final output is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yu Cui , Hang Fu , Haibin Zhang , Licheng Wang , Cong Zuo

Large Language Model (LLM)-empowered multi-agent systems extend the cognitive boundaries of individual agents through disciplined collaboration and interaction, while constructing these systems often requires labor-intensive manual designs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Guibin Zhang , Luyang Niu , Junfeng Fang , Kun Wang , Lei Bai , Xiang Wang

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems (MASs) are a recent but rapidly evolving technology with the potential to transform chemical engineering by decomposing complex workflows into teams of collaborative agents with…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Sophia Rupprecht , Qinghe Gao , Tanuj Karia , Artur M. Schweidtmann

Large Language Model based multi-agent systems are revolutionizing autonomous communication and collaboration, yet they remain vulnerable to security threats like unauthorized access and data breaches. To address this, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Junyuan Mao , Fanci Meng , Yifan Duan , Miao Yu , Xiaojun Jia , Junfeng Fang , Yuxuan Liang , Kun Wang , Qingsong Wen

A multi-agent system (MAS) powered by large language models (LLMs) can automate tedious user tasks such as meeting scheduling that requires inter-agent collaboration. LLMs enable nuanced protocols that account for unstructured private data,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mason Nakamura , Abhinav Kumar , Saaduddin Mahmud , Sahar Abdelnabi , Shlomo Zilberstein , Eugene Bagdasarian

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in natural language understanding, yet their reasoning capabilities remain limited when operating as single agents. Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has been proposed to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Xiao Wang , Jia Wang , Yijie Wang , Pengtao Dang , Sha Cao , Chi Zhang

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized AI deployment, enabling autonomous and semi-autonomous applications across industries through intuitive language interfaces and continuous improvements in model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Adam Swanda , Amy Chang , Alexander Chen , Fraser Burch , Paul Kassianik , Konstantin Berlin

Multi-agent artificial intelligence systems or MAS are systems of autonomous agents that exercise delegated tool authority, share persistent memory, and coordinate via inter-agent communication. MAS introduces qualitatively distinct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tam Nguyen , Moses Ndebugre , Dheeraj Arremsetty

While Large Language Model (LLM) multi-agent systems (MAS) offer a transformative approach to simulating human behavior in complex systems, it remains largely unexplored whether these simulations can replicate realistic structural and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Siqi Miao , Ziyang Chen , Yuhong Luo , Hans Hao-Hsun Hsu , Mufei Li , Kaiqing Zhang , Pan Li

LLM-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) unlock new potentials in distributed reasoning, collaboration, and task generalization but also introduce additional risks due to unguaranteed agreement, cascading uncertainty, and adversarial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adaptive jailbreaks that easily bypass empirical defenses like GCG. We propose a framework for certifiable robustness that shifts safety guarantees from single-pass inference to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zehua Cheng , Jianwei Yang , Wei Dai , Jiahao Sun

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the emergence of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to perform complex tasks through collaboration. However, the intricate nature of MAS, including their architecture and agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Liwen Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Shuai Wang , Zongjie Li , Zhenlan Ji , Zongyi Lyu , Daoyuan Wu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Large Language Model-based systems (LLM systems) are information and query processing systems that use LLMs to plan operations from natural-language prompts and feed the output of each successive step into the LLM to plan the next. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Fangzhou Wu , Ethan Cecchetti , Chaowei Xiao