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Generative modeling within constrained sets is essential for scientific and engineering applications involving physical, geometric, or safety requirements (e.g., molecular generation, robotics). We present a unified framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kijung Jeon , Michael Muehlebach , Molei Tao

Controlling the behavior of language models (LMs) without re-training is a major open problem in natural language generation. While recent works have demonstrated successes on controlling simple sentence attributes (e.g., sentiment), there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Xiang Lisa Li , John Thickstun , Ishaan Gulrajani , Percy Liang , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto

Data heterogeneity hinders clinical deployment of medical image analysis models, and generative data augmentation helps mitigate this issue. However, recent diffusion-based methods that synthesize image-mask pairs often ignore distribution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Jie Yang , Ziqi Ye , Aihua Ke , Jian Luo , Bo Cai , Xiaosong Wang

Aligning generative diffusion models with human preferences via reinforcement learning (RL) is critical yet challenging. Most existing algorithms are often vulnerable to reward hacking, such as quality degradation, over-stylization, or…

Language models based on discrete diffusion have attracted widespread interest for their potential to provide faster generation than autoregressive models. Despite their promise, these models typically produce samples whose quality sharply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Chanhyuk Lee , Jaehoon Yoo , Manan Agarwal , Sheel Shah , Jerry Huang , Aditi Raghunathan , Seunghoon Hong , Nicholas M. Boffi , Jinwoo Kim

Discrete Flow-based Models (DFMs) are powerful generative models for high-quality discrete data but typically suffer from slow sampling speeds due to their reliance on iterative decoding processes. This reliance on a multi-step process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jaehoon Yoo , Wonjung Kim , Seunghoon Hong

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems. However, training diffusion models in the pixel space are both data-intensive and computationally demanding, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Bowen Song , Soo Min Kwon , Zecheng Zhang , Xinyu Hu , Qing Qu , Liyue Shen

Congestion is a critical and challenging problem in communication networks. Congestion control protocols allow network applications to tune their sending rate in a way that optimizes their performance and the network utilization. In the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Neta Rozen-Schiff , Liron Schiff , Stefan Schmid

This paper tackles the problem of discretizing accelerated optimization flows while retaining their convergence properties. Inspired by the success of resource-aware control in developing efficient closed-loop feedback implementations on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Miguel Vaquero , Pol Mestres , Jorge Cortés

We tackle the problem of sampling from intractable high-dimensional density functions, a fundamental task that often appears in machine learning and statistics. We extend recent sampling-based approaches that leverage controlled stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Dinghuai Zhang , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Cheng-Hao Liu , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Deep generative models that produce novel molecular structures have the potential to facilitate chemical discovery. Diffusion models currently achieve state of the art performance for 3D molecule generation. In this work, we explore the use…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-01 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Recent studies suggest utilizing generative models instead of traditional auto-regressive algorithms for time series forecasting (TSF) tasks. These non-auto-regressive approaches involving different generative methods, including GAN,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Jiangxuan Long , Zhao Song , Chiwun Yang

Training-free guidance enables pre-trained diffusion and flow models to optimize application-specific objectives using feedback from external black-box reward functions. However, existing methods are feedback-inefficient because reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Kim Yong Tan , Yueming Lyu , Ivor Tsang , Yew-Soon Ong

Deep generative models have achieved tremendous success in structure-based drug design in recent years, especially for generating 3D ligand molecules that bind to specific protein pocket. Notably, diffusion models have transformed ligand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Daiheng Zhang , Chengyue Gong , Qiang Liu

The rapid evolution of deepfake generation technologies poses critical challenges for detection systems, as non-continual learning methods demand frequent and expensive retraining. We reframe deepfake detection (DFD) as a Continual Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Federico Fontana , Anxhelo Diko , Romeo Lanzino , Marco Raoul Marini , Bachir Kaddar , Gian Luca Foresti , Luigi Cinque

In generative modeling, we often wish to produce samples that maximize a user-specified reward such as aesthetic quality or alignment with human preferences, a problem known as \textit{guidance}. Despite their widespread use, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jerry Y. Huang , Justin Lin , Sheel Shah , Kartik Nair , Nicholas M. Boffi

This paper presents a novel framework for aligning learnable latent spaces to arbitrary target distributions by leveraging flow-based generative models as priors. Our method first pretrains a flow model on the target features to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yizhuo Li , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Ping Luo

Continual learning (CL) studies how models acquire tasks sequentially while retaining previously learned knowledge. Despite substantial progress in benchmarking CL methods, comparative evaluations typically keep the fine-tuning regime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Paul-Tiberiu Iordache , Elena Burceanu

We consider the problem of sampling from a discrete and structured distribution as a sequential decision problem, where the objective is to find a stochastic policy such that objects are sampled at the end of this sequential process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Tristan Deleu , Padideh Nouri , Nikolay Malkin , Doina Precup , Yoshua Bengio

Conditional image generation models have achieved remarkable results by leveraging text-based control to generate customized images. However, the high resource demands of these models and the scarcity of well-annotated data have hindered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yicheng Jiang , Jin Yuan , Hua Yuan , Yao Zhang , Yong Rui