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Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly popular in pervasive computing due to their versatility and strong performance. However, despite their ubiquitous use, the exact mechanisms underlying their outstanding performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Alhassan Abdelhalim , Janick Edinger , Sören Laue , Michaela Regneri

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an impressive capacity to recall a vast range of factual knowledge. However, understanding their underlying reasoning and internal mechanisms in exploiting this knowledge remains a key research area.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Marco Bronzini , Carlo Nicolini , Bruno Lepri , Jacopo Staiano , Andrea Passerini

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success, prompting increased interest in expanding their generative capabilities beyond general text into domain-specific areas. This study investigates the generation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Jiahao Li , Weijian Ma , Xueyang Li , Yunzhong Lou , Guichun Zhou , Xiangdong Zhou

Transformer architectures show significant promise for natural language processing. Given that a single pretrained model can be fine-tuned to perform well on many different tasks, these networks appear to extract generally useful linguistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Andy Coenen , Emily Reif , Ann Yuan , Been Kim , Adam Pearce , Fernanda Viégas , Martin Wattenberg

Structured pruning of modern large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a way of decreasing their high computational needs. Width pruning reduces the size of projection weight matrices (e.g., by removing attention heads) while maintaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Bo-Kyeong Kim , Geonmin Kim , Tae-Ho Kim , Thibault Castells , Shinkook Choi , Junho Shin , Hyoung-Kyu Song

Understanding how Transformer-based Language Models (LMs) learn and recall information is a key goal of the deep learning community. Recent interpretability methods project weights and hidden states obtained from the forward pass to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shahar Katz , Yonatan Belinkov , Mor Geva , Lior Wolf

Reconstructing and understanding 3D structures from a limited number of images is a well-established problem in computer vision. Traditional methods usually break this task into multiple subtasks, each requiring complex transformations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Zhiwen Fan , Jian Zhang , Wenyan Cong , Peihao Wang , Renjie Li , Kairun Wen , Shijie Zhou , Achuta Kadambi , Zhangyang Wang , Danfei Xu , Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone , Yue Wang

We present a new latent model of natural images that can be learned on large-scale datasets. The learning process provides a latent embedding for every image in the training dataset, as well as a deep convolutional network that maps the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-06 ShahRukh Athar , Evgeny Burnaev , Victor Lempitsky

Despite the ubiquity of large language models (LLMs) in AI research, the question of embodiment in LLMs remains underexplored, distinguishing them from embodied systems in robotics where sensory perception directly informs physical action.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Philipp Wicke , Lennart Wachowiak

Large Audio Language Models (LALM) combine the audio perception models and the Large Language Models (LLM) and show a remarkable ability to reason about the input audio, infer the meaning, and understand the intent. However, these systems…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Saurabhchand Bhati , Yuan Gong , Leonid Karlinsky , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

This paper demonstrates that a progressively aligned language model can effectively bridge frozen vision encoders and large language models (LLMs). While the fundamental architecture and pre-training methods of vision encoders and LLMs have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Junfei Xiao , Zheng Xu , Alan Yuille , Shen Yan , Boyu Wang

Purpose: Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) from OpenAI and LLaMA (Large Language Model Meta AI) from Meta AI are increasingly recognized for their potential in the field of cheminformatics,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-22 Shaghayegh Sadeghi , Alan Bui , Ali Forooghi , Jianguo Lu , Alioune Ngom

Recent advanced large language models (LLMs) have showcased their emergent capability of in-context learning, facilitating intelligent decision-making through natural language prompts without retraining. This new machine learning paradigm…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xinxin Zhang , Zhuoqun Xu , Guangpu Zhu , Chien Ming Jonathan Tay , Yongdong Cui , Boo Cheong Khoo , Lailai Zhu

We propose two deep learning models that fully automate shape parameterization for aerodynamic shape optimization. Both models are optimized to parameterize via deep geometric learning to embed human prior knowledge into learned geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Zhen Wei , Pascal Fua , Michaël Bauerheim

Geometric ability is a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs) due to the need for advanced spatial comprehension and abstract thinking. Existing datasets primarily evaluate LLMs on their final answers, but they cannot truly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Xiaofeng Wang , Yiming Wang , Wenhong Zhu , Rui Wang

Recently, decoder-only pre-trained large language models (LLMs), with several tens of billion parameters, have significantly impacted a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. While encoder-only or encoder-decoder pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Aru Maekawa , Tsutomu Hirao , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Manabu Okumura

Latent representation alignment has become a foundational technique for constructing multimodal large language models (MLLM) by mapping embeddings from different modalities into a shared space, often aligned with the embedding space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Dong Shu , Bingbing Duan , Kai Guo , Kaixiong Zhou , Jiliang Tang , Mengnan Du

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, storing and transmitting them on edge devices becomes increasingly challenging. Traditional methods like quantization and pruning struggle to achieve extreme compression of LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ye Tian , Chengcheng Wang , Jing Han , Yehui Tang , Kai Han

Human languages have evolved to be structured through repeated language learning and use. These processes introduce biases that operate during language acquisition and shape linguistic systems toward communicative efficiency. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Tom Kouwenhoven , Max Peeperkorn , Tessa Verhoef

Transformer architectures, and their attention mechanisms in particular, form the foundation of modern large language models. While transformer models are widely believed to operate in high-dimensional hidden spaces, we show that attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Junxuan Wang , Xuyang Ge , Wentao Shu , Zhengfu He , Xipeng Qiu