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Large language models are powerful but costly. We ask whether meta-learning can make the pretraining of small language models not only better but also more interpretable. We integrate first-order MAML with subset-masked LM pretraining,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 David Demitri Africa , Yuval Weiss , Paula Buttery , Richard Diehl Martinez

Understanding the geometry of neural network loss landscapes is a central question in deep learning, with implications for generalization and optimization. A striking phenomenon is linear mode connectivity (LMC), where independently trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Alexander Theus , Alessandro Cabodi , Sotiris Anagnostidis , Antonio Orvieto , Sidak Pal Singh , Valentina Boeva

The rise of large language models (LLMs) is revolutionizing information retrieval, question answering, summarization, and code generation tasks. However, in addition to confidently presenting factually inaccurate information at times (known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Henry Gilbert , Michael Sandborn , Douglas C. Schmidt , Jesse Spencer-Smith , Jules White

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated broad utility across molecular domains, spanning drug discovery and materials design. Analyzing LLMs' latent representations is crucial for elucidating their underlying mechanisms, improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhuoran Li , Xu Sun , Wanyu Lin , Jiannong Cao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented capabilities across various natural language processing tasks. Their ability to process and generate viable text and code has made them ubiquitous in many fields, while their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Stef De Sabbata , Stefano Mizzaro , Kevin Roitero

Recent progress in large models has led to significant advances in unified multimodal generation and understanding. However, the development of models that unify motion-language generation and understanding remains largely underexplored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Zekun Li , Sizhe An , Chengcheng Tang , Chuan Guo , Ivan Shugurov , Linguang Zhang , Amy Zhao , Srinath Sridhar , Lingling Tao , Abhay Mittal

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements in natural language understanding. However, through that enormous semantic representation that the LLM has learnt, is it somehow possible for it to understand images as well?…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Mu Cai , Zeyi Huang , Yuheng Li , Utkarsh Ojha , Haohan Wang , Yong Jae Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess outstanding capabilities in addressing various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the sheer size of these models poses challenges in terms of storage, training and inference due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Shuzhou Yuan , Ercong Nie , Bolei Ma , Michael Färber

Large language models (LLMs) contain substantial factual knowledge which is commonly elicited by multiple-choice question-answering prompts. Internally, such models process the prompt through multiple transformer layers, building varying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Didier Chételat , Joseph Cotnareanu , Rylee Thompson , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Visual-language models (VLMs) have recently been introduced in robotic mapping using the latent representations, i.e., embeddings, of the VLMs to represent semantics in the map. They allow moving from a limited set of human-created labels…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Matti Pekkanen , Tsvetomila Mihaylova , Francesco Verdoja , Ville Kyrki

This study explores the application of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4, in the analysis of classroom dialogue, a crucial research task for both teaching diagnosis and quality improvement. Recognizing the knowledge-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yun Long , Haifeng Luo , Yu Zhang

This study explores how large language models (LLMs) encode interwoven scientific knowledge, using chemical elements and LLaMA-series models as a case study. We identify a 3D spiral structure in the hidden states that aligns with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ge Lei , Samuel J. Cooper

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) built on the transformer architecture, has redefined the capabilities of natural language processing. These models now…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andrea Matarazzo , Riccardo Torlone

Following the recent popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs), several attempts have been made to extend them to the visual domain. From having a visual assistant that could guide us through unfamiliar environments to generative models…

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

Large language models (LLMs) are pretrained by minimizing the cross-entropy loss for next-token prediction. In this paper, we study whether this optimization strategy can induce geometric structure in the learned model weights and context…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Zhehang Du , Hangfeng He , Weijie Su

Large vision language models (LVLM) are the leading A.I approach for achieving a general visual understanding of the world. Models such as GPT, Claude, Gemini, and LLama can use images to understand and analyze complex visual scenes. 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Sagi Eppel

Vision language models (VLMs) can flexibly address various vision tasks through text interactions. Although successful in semantic understanding, state-of-the-art VLMs including GPT-5 still struggle in understanding 3D from 2D inputs. On…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhipeng Cai , Ching-Feng Yeh , Hu Xu , Zhuang Liu , Gregory Meyer , Xinjie Lei , Changsheng Zhao , Shang-Wen Li , Vikas Chandra , Yangyang Shi

Existing large language models (LLMs) are known for generating "hallucinated" content, namely a fabricated text of plausibly looking, yet unfounded, facts. To identify when these hallucination scenarios occur, we examine the properties of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Mohamed Akrout

The Natural Language to Visualization (NL2Vis) task aims to transform natural-language descriptions into visual representations for a grounded table, enabling users to gain insights from vast amounts of data. Recently, many deep…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yang Wu , Yao Wan , Hongyu Zhang , Yulei Sui , Wucai Wei , Wei Zhao , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin