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Recent advances in large language models have demonstrated considerable potential in scientific domains such as drug repositioning. However, their effectiveness remains constrained when reasoning extends beyond the knowledge acquired during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zerui Yang , Yuwei Wan , Siyu Yan , Yudai Matsuda , Tong Xie , Bram Hoex , Linqi Song

Medical conversational AI (AI) plays a pivotal role in the development of safer and more effective medical dialogue systems. However, existing benchmarks and evaluation frameworks for assessing the information-gathering and diagnostic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Lecheng Gong , Weimin Fang , Ting Yang , Dongjie Tao , Chunxiao Guo , Peng Wei , Bo Xie , Jinqun Guan , Zixiao Chen , Fang Shi , Jinjie Gu , Junwei Liu

Translational medicine turns underspecified development goals into evidence synthesis that must combine literature, trials, patents, and quantitative multi-omics analysis while preserving identifiers, uncertainty, and retrievable…

As a fundamental task in computational chemistry, retrosynthesis prediction aims to identify a set of reactants to synthesize a target molecule. Existing template-free approaches only consider the graph structures of the target molecule,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Yifeng Liu , Hanwen Xu , Tangqi Fang , Haocheng Xi , Zixuan Liu , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Sheng Wang

Drug discovery remains a formidable challenge: more than 90 percent of candidate molecules fail in clinical evaluation, and development costs often exceed one billion dollars per approved therapy. Disparate data streams, from genomics and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Kevin Song , Andrew Trotter , Jake Y. Chen

Medical question answering (QA) is a reasoning-intensive task that remains challenging for large language models (LLMs) due to hallucinations and outdated domain knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) provides a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xuanzhao Dong , Wenhui Zhu , Hao Wang , Xiwen Chen , Peijie Qiu , Rui Yin , Yi Su , Yalin Wang

Drug discovery is a long, expensive, and complex process, relying heavily on human medicinal chemists, who can spend years searching the vast space of potential therapies. Recent advances in artificial intelligence for chemistry have sought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Reza Averly , Frazier N. Baker , Ian A. Watson , Xia Ning

In healthcare intelligence, the ability to fuse heterogeneous, multi-intent information from diverse clinical sources is fundamental to building reliable decision-making systems. Large Language Model (LLM)-driven information interaction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Dingkang Yang , Jinjie Wei , Mingcheng Li , Jiyao Liu , Lihao Liu , Ming Hu , Junjun He , Yakun Ju , Wei Zhou , Yang Liu , Lihua Zhang

Traditional applications of natural language processing (NLP) in healthcare have predominantly focused on patient-centered services, enhancing patient interactions and care delivery, such as through medical dialogue systems. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Hengguan Huang , Songtao Wang , Hongfu Liu , Hao Wang , Ye Wang

Recently, there has been increasing interest in using Large Language Models (LLMs) to construct complex multi-agent systems to perform tasks such as compiling literature reviews, drafting consumer reports, and planning vacations. Many tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Andrew Zhu , Liam Dugan , Chris Callison-Burch

In recent decades, traditional drug research and development have been facing challenges such as high cost, long timelines, and high risks. To address these issues, many computational approaches have been suggested for predicting the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-13 Chunyan Ao , Zhichao Xiao , Lixin Guan , Liang Yu

Drug discovery is a critical task in biomedical natural language processing (NLP), yet explainable drug discovery remains underexplored. Meanwhile, large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Kai Zhang , Rui Zhu , Shutian Ma , Jingwei Xiong , Yejin Kim , Fabricio Murai , Xiaozhong Liu

We propose Materealize, a multi-agent system for end-to-end inorganic materials design and synthesis that orchestrates core domain tools spanning structure generation, property prediction, synthesizability prediction, and synthesis planning…

It may be difficult for some individuals to open up and share their thoughts and feelings in front of a mental health expert. For those who are more at ease with a virtual agent, conversational agents can serve as an intermediate step in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Harsh Sakhrani , Saloni Parekh , Shubham Mahajan

Conversational diagnosis requires multi-turn history-taking, where an agent asks clarifying questions to refine differential diagnoses under incomplete information. Existing approaches often rely on the parametric knowledge of a model or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jeongmoon Won , Seungwon Kook , Yohan Jo

Drug-target interaction (DTI) prediction is a challenging, albeit essential task in drug repurposing. Learning on graph models have drawn special attention as they can significantly reduce drug repurposing costs and time commitment.…

We investigate the problem of co-designing computation and communication in a multi-agent system (e.g. a sensor network or a multi-robot team). We consider the realistic setting where each agent acquires sensor data and is capable of local…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Vishrant Tripathi , Luca Ballotta , Luca Carlone , Eytan Modiano

Building on Papert (1980)'s idea of children talking to computers, we propose ChatLogo, a hybrid natural-programming language interface for agent-based modeling and programming. We build upon previous efforts to scaffold ABM & P learning…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-17 John Chen , Uri Wilensky

Computational methods in drug repositioning can help to conserve resources. In particular, methods based on biological networks are showing promise. Considering only the network topology and knowledge on drug target genes is not sufficient…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-02 Atte Aalto , La Mi , Diego A. Blanco-Mora , Jorge Goncalves

Large language models (LLMs) integrated with autonomous agents hold significant potential for advancing scientific discovery through automated reasoning and task execution. However, applying LLM agents to drug discovery is still constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kun Li , Zhennan Wu , Shoupeng Wang , Jia Wu , Shirui Pan , Wenbin Hu