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Large pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have shown unprecedented zero-shot performance across a wide range of tasks. Nevertheless, these models may be unreliable under distributional shifts, as their performance is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Shambhavi Mishra , Julio Silva-Rodriguez , Ismail Ben Ayed , Marco Pedersoli , Jose Dolz

Pre-trained vision-language models such as CLIP exhibit strong transferability, yet adapting them to downstream image classification tasks under limited annotation budgets remains challenging. In active learning settings, the model must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Qian-Wei Wang , Yaguang Song , Shu-Tao Xia

Discriminative features are critical for machine learning applications. Most existing deep learning approaches, however, rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for learning features, whose discriminant power is not explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Fusheng Hao , Jun Cheng , Lei Wang , Xinchao Wang , Jianzhong Cao , Xiping Hu , Dapeng Tao

Since their introduction, anchoring methods in extragradient-type saddlepoint problems have inspired a flurry of research due to their ability to provide order-optimal rates of accelerated convergence in very general problem settings. Such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 James Alcala , Yat Tin Chow , Mahesh Sunkula

Arbitrary-oriented objects widely appear in natural scenes, aerial photographs, remote sensing images, etc., thus arbitrary-oriented object detection has received considerable attention. Many current rotation detectors use plenty of anchors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Qi Ming , Zhiqiang Zhou , Lingjuan Miao , Hongwei Zhang , Linhao Li

The increase of web-scale weakly labelled image-text pairs have greatly facilitated the development of large-scale vision-language models (e.g., CLIP), which have shown impressive generalization performance over a series of downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Lianyu Hu , Tongkai Shi , Liqing Gao , Zekang Liu , Wei Feng

Training large language models (LLMs) presents numerous challenges, including gradient instability and loss spikes. These phenomena can lead to catastrophic divergence, requiring costly checkpoint restoration and data batch skipping.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Abhay Kumar , Louis Owen , Nilabhra Roy Chowdhury , Fabian Güra

Recent advances in large pre-trained vision-language models have demonstrated remarkable performance on zero-shot downstream tasks. Building upon this, recent studies, such as CoOp and CoCoOp, have proposed the use of prompt learning, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Gahyeon Kim , Sohee Kim , Seokju Lee

The goal of contrastive learning based pre-training is to leverage large quantities of unlabeled data to produce a model that can be readily adapted downstream. Current approaches revolve around solving an image discrimination task: given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Chenhongyi Yang , Lichao Huang , Elliot J. Crowley

Prompt tuning is an effective way to adapt the pre-trained visual-language model (VLM) to the downstream task using task-related textual tokens. Representative CoOp-based work combines the learnable textual tokens with the class tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Hantao Yao , Rui Zhang , Changsheng Xu

Token-level Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has become a standard way to elicit multi-step reasoning in large language models (LLMs), especially for mathematical word problems. However, generating long intermediate traces increases output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Disha Sheshanarayana , Rajat Subhra Pal , Manjira Sinha , Tirthankar Dasgupta

Prompt-based learning, with its capability to tackle zero-shot and few-shot NLP tasks, has gained much attention in community. The main idea is to bridge the gap between NLP downstream tasks and language modeling (LM), by mapping these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Yulong Chen , Yang Liu , Li Dong , Shuohang Wang , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng , Yue Zhang

Human pose estimators are typically retrained from scratch or naively fine-tuned whenever keypoint sets, sensing modalities, or deployment domains change--an inefficient, compute-intensive practice that rarely matches field constraints. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan , Didier Stricker

Large-scale vision-language models (VLMs), e.g., CLIP, learn broad visual concepts from tedious training data, showing superb generalization ability. Amount of prompt learning methods have been proposed to efficiently adapt the VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Hongyu Hu , Tiancheng Lin , Jie Wang , Zhenbang Sun , Yi Xu

We propose Context-Adaptive Multi-Prompt Embedding, a novel approach to enrich semantic representations in vision-language contrastive learning. Unlike standard CLIP-style models that rely on a single text embedding, our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dahun Kim , Anelia Angelova

Recently, anchor-free detection methods have been through great progress. The major two families, anchor-point detection and key-point detection, are at opposite edges of the speed-accuracy trade-off, with anchor-point detectors having the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Chenchen Zhu , Fangyi Chen , Zhiqiang Shen , Marios Savvides

Multi-step LLM pipelines can solve complex tasks, but jointly optimizing prompts across steps remains challenging due to missing step-level supervision and inter-step dependency. We propose ADOPT, an adaptive dependency-guided joint prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Minjun Zhao , Xinyu Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Deyang Li , Ruifeng Shi

Pretrained large-scale vision-language models such as CLIP have demonstrated excellent generalizability over a series of downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the variation of input text prompts and need a selection of prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Lianyu Hu , Liqing Gao , Zekang Liu , Chi-Man Pun , Wei Feng

Prompt tuning, like CoOp, has recently shown promising vision recognizing and transfer learning ability on various downstream tasks with the emergence of large pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP. However, we identify that existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yongzhu Miao , Shasha Li , Jintao Tang , Ting Wang

Extending context window sizes allows large language models (LLMs) to process longer sequences and handle more complex tasks. Rotary Positional Embedding (RoPE) has become the de facto standard due to its relative positional encoding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Haonan Wang , Qian Liu , Chao Du , Tongyao Zhu , Cunxiao Du , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tianyu Pang