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Machine learning models are often brittle on production data despite achieving high accuracy on benchmark datasets. Benchmark datasets have traditionally served dual purposes: first, benchmarks offer a standard on which machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Matthew Groh

Baseball is a game of strategic decisions including bullpen usage, pinch-hitting and intentional walks. Managers must adjust their strategies based on the changing state of the game in order to give their team the best chance of winning. In…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tristan Mott , Caleb Bradshaw , David Grimsman , Christopher Archibald

The baseball statistic "Wins Above Replacement" (WAR) has emerged as one of the most popular evaluation metrics. But it is not readily observed and tabulated; WAR is an estimate of a parameter in a vaguely defined model with all its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Ryan S. Brill , Abraham J. Wyner

Recursive Bayesian inference (RBI) provides optimal Bayesian latent variable estimates in real-time settings with streaming noisy observations. Active RBI attempts to effectively select queries that lead to more informative observations to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Yeganeh M. Marghi , Aziz Kocanaogullari , Murat Akcakaya , Deniz Erdogmus

Neural contextual biasing effectively improves automatic speech recognition (ASR) for crucial phrases within a speaker's context, particularly those that are infrequent in the training data. This work proposes contextual text injection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Zhong Meng , Zelin Wu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Cal Peyser , Weiran Wang , Nanxin Chen , Tara N. Sainath , Bhuvana Ramabhadran

A Bayesian Survival Analysis method is motivated and developed for analysing sequences of scores made by a batsman in test or first class cricket. In particular, we expect the presence of an effect whereby the distribution of scores has…

Applications · Statistics 2008-05-26 Brendon J. Brewer

E-commerce queries are often short and ambiguous. Consequently, query understanding often uses query rewriting to disambiguate user-input queries. While using e-commerce search tools, users tend to enter multiple searches, which we call…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Simiao Zuo , Qingyu Yin , Haoming Jiang , Shaohui Xi , Bing Yin , Chao Zhang , Tuo Zhao

The expected goal provides a more representative measure of the team and player performance which also suit the low-scoring nature of football instead of score in modern football. The score of a match involves randomness and often may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Mustafa Cavus , Przemysław Biecek

Predicting batting averages for specific batters against specific pitchers is a challenging problem in baseball. Previous methods for estimating batting averages in these matchups have used regression models that can incorporate the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-06 Michael J. O'Connell

A popular quantitative approach to evaluating player performance in sports involves comparing an observed outcome to the expected outcome ignoring player involvement, which is estimated using statistical or machine learning methods. In…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-22 Robert Bajons , Lucas Kook

Regression-based adjusted plus-minus statistics were developed in basketball and have recently come to hockey. The purpose of these statistics is to provide an estimate of each player's contribution to his team, independent of the strength…

Applications · Statistics 2015-03-19 Brian Macdonald

From 2020 to 2023, Major League Baseball changed rules affecting team composition, player positioning, and game time. Understanding the effects of these rules is crucial for leagues, teams, players, and other relevant parties to assess…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-17 Lee Kennedy-Shaffer

In most popular sports leagues, like the MLB, NBA, and NFL, none of the commonly used statistics take into account the strengths of the opponents a player faces. One of the main reasons for this is the conventional belief that a player's…

Applications · Statistics 2022-06-22 Francis Liu

The analysis of high-intensity runs (or sprints) in soccer has long been a topic of interest for sports science researchers and practitioners. In particular, recent studies suggested contextualizing sprints based on their tactical purposes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Hyunsung Kim , Gun-Hee Joe , Jinsung Yoon , Sang-Ki Ko

We propose a policy improvement algorithm for Reinforcement Learning (RL) which is called Rerouted Behavior Improvement (RBI). RBI is designed to take into account the evaluation errors of the Q-function. Such errors are common in RL when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Elad Sarafian , Aviv Tamar , Sarit Kraus

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are predominantly evaluated by comparing their relative performance on a large suite of tasks. Most published results on deep RL benchmarks compare point estimates of aggregate performance such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Rishabh Agarwal , Max Schwarzer , Pablo Samuel Castro , Aaron Courville , Marc G. Bellemare

Continuous-time assessments of game outcomes in sports have become increasingly common in the last decade. In American football, only discrete-time estimates of play value were possible, since the most advanced public football datasets were…

Evaluating sports players based on their performance shares core challenges with evaluating healthcare providers based on patient outcomes. Drawing on recent advances in healthcare provider profiling, we cast sports player evaluation within…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-27 Herbert P. Susmann , Antonio D'Alessandro

The speed-accuracy tradeoffs are prevalent in a wide range of physical systems. In this paper, we demonstrate speed-accuracy tradeoffs in the game of cricket, where 'batters' score runs on the balls bowled by the 'bowlers'. It is shown that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-17 Mohd Suhail Rizvi

In recent years, many different approaches have been proposed to quantify the performances of soccer players. Since player performances are challenging to quantify directly due to the low-scoring nature of soccer, most approaches estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Jan Van Haaren