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According to the WHO, Cerebrovascular Stroke, or CS, is the second largest cause of death worldwide. Current diagnosis of CS relies on labor and cost intensive neuroimaging techniques, unsuitable for areas with inadequate access to quality…
Streaking of photoelectrons has long been used for the temporal characterization of attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses. When the time-resolved photoelectrons originate from a coherent superposition of electronic states, they carry an…
Animal models indicate that motor behaviour is shaped by monoamine neurotransmitters released diffusely throughout the brain and spinal cord. We present strong evidence that human motor pathways are equally affected by neuromodulation…
Mounting evidence in neuroscience suggests the possibility of neuronal representations that individual neurons serve as the substrates of different mental representations in a point-to-point way. Combined with associationism, it can…
The origin of life is one of the greatest mysteries. The mechanism for the synthesis of DNA is synonymous with the chemical origin of life, and theories have been developed along many lines of reasoning, but resolving all requirements…
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease occurs due to plaque accumulation in the inner artery wall. In atherosclerotic plaque formation monocytes and macrophages play a significant role in controlling the disease dynamics. In the…
Apoptosis is a mechanism of programmed cell death in which cells engage in a controlled demolition and prepare to be digested without damaging their environment. In normal conditions apoptosis is repressed, until it is irreversibly induced…
Introduction: There have been many warnings that inappropriate dichotomisation of results into positive or negative, high, or normal etc., during medical research could be very damaging. The aim of this paper is to argue that this is the…
In this paper, I examine what I refer to as the spike doctrine, which is the generally held belief in neuroscience that information in the brain is encoded by sequences of neural action potentials. I present the argument that specific…
The pace and unpredictability of evolution are critically relevant in a variety of modern challenges: combating drug resistance in pathogens and cancer, understanding how species respond to environmental perturbations like climate change,…
The universality of many pathways of core metabolism suggests a strong role for evolutionary selection, but it remains unclear whether existing pathways have been selected from a large or small set of biochemical possibilities. To address…
The present view of biological phenomena is based on a biochemical paradigm that development of living organisms is defined by information stored in a molecular form as some genetic code. However, new discoveries indicate that biological…
Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the development of tobacco addiction due to ongoing brain maturation and susceptibility to social influences, such as exposure…
Early identification of stroke is crucial for intervention, requiring reliable models. We proposed an efficient retinal image representation together with clinical information to capture a comprehensive overview of cardiovascular health,…
Addressing the health challenges faced by the aging population, particularly undernutrition, is of paramount importance, given the significant representation of older individuals in society. Undernutrition arises from a disbalance between…
Pharmaceutical companies are relying more often on external sources of innovation to boost their discovery research productivity. However, more in-depth knowledge about how external innovation may translate to successful product launches is…
Rupture of aortic aneurysms is by far the most fatal heart disease, with a mortality rate exceeding 80%. There are no reliable clinical protocols to predict growth, dissection, and rupture because the fundamental physics driving aneurysm…
Primary tumors infrequently lead to demise of cancer patients; instead, mortality and a significant degree of morbidity result from the growth of secondary tumors in distant organs (metastasis). It is well-known that malignant tumors induce…
This article uses machine learning (ML) and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and mortality rates associated with Alzheimers disease (AD). The Third National…
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Machine learning classification algorithms have been widely adopted for stroke prediction. However, these algorithms were evaluated using different datasets and evaluation metrics.…