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Machine-learning force fields can deliver accurate molecular dynamics (MD) at high computational cost. For SO(3)-equivariant models such as MACE, there is little systematic evidence on whether reduced-precision arithmetic and GPU-optimized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Alexandre Benoit

Generalized Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpGEMM) is a ubiquitous task in various engineering and scientific applications. However, inner product based SpGENN introduces redundant input fetches for mismatched nonzero operands, while…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Zhekai Zhang , Hanrui Wang , Song Han , William J. Dally

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning abilities but face limitations such as hallucinations and outdated knowledge. Knowledge Graph (KG)-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses these issues by grounding LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mufei Li , Siqi Miao , Pan Li

Modern transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) are constructed with a series of decoder blocks. Each block comprises three key components: (1) QKV generation, (2) multi-head attention, and (3) feed-forward networks. In batched…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Guseul Heo , Sangyeop Lee , Jaehong Cho , Hyunmin Choi , Sanghyeon Lee , Hyungkyu Ham , Gwangsun Kim , Divya Mahajan , Jongse Park

Neural networks have achieved tremendous success in a large variety of applications. However, their memory footprint and computational demand can render them impractical in application settings with limited hardware or energy resources. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Steffen Schotthöfer , Emanuele Zangrando , Jonas Kusch , Gianluca Ceruti , Francesco Tudisco

In this paper, we propose CUDA-L2, a system that combines large language models (LLMs) and reinforcement learning (RL) to automatically optimize Half-precision General Matrix Multiply (HGEMM) CUDA kernels. Using CUDA execution speed as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Songqiao Su , Xiaofei Sun , Xiaoya Li , Albert Wang , Jiwei Li , Chris Shum

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are recently getting much attention in bioinformatics and chemoinformatics as a state-of-the-art machine learning approach with high accuracy. GCNs process convolutional operations along with graph…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Yusuke Nagasaka , Akira Nukada , Ryosuke Kojima , Satoshi Matsuoka

Fine-grained workload and resource balancing is the key to high performance for regular and irregular computations on the GPUs. In this dissertation, we conduct an extensive survey of existing load-balancing techniques to build an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Muhammad Osama

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI applications, yet their enormous computational demands severely limit deployment and real-time performance. Quantization methods can help reduce computational costs, however, attaining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shaobo Ma , Chao Fang , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

Modern Neural Network (NN) architectures heavily rely on vast numbers of multiply-accumulate arithmetic operations, constituting the predominant computational cost. Therefore, this paper proposes a high-throughput, scalable and energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Xuqi Zhu , Huaizhi Zhang , JunKyu Lee , Jiacheng Zhu , Chandrajit Pal , Sangeet Saha , Klaus D. McDonald-Maier , Xiaojun Zhai

We call matrix algorithms superfast if they use much fewer flops and memory cells than the input matrix has entries. Using such algorithms is indispensable for Big Data Mining and Analysis, where the input matrices are so immense that one…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-17 Victor Y. Pan , John Svadlenka

Sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a widely used kernel in various graph, scientific computing and machine learning algorithms. It is well known that SpGEMM is a memory-bound operation, and its peak performance is expected to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Zhixiang Gu , Jose Moreira , David Edelsohn , Ariful Azad

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs) is increasingly bottlenecked by rollout (generation), where long output sequence lengths make attention and KV-cache memory dominate end-to-end step time. FP8 offers an attractive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhaopeng Qiu , Shuang Yu , Jingqi Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Xue Huang , Jingyi Yang , Junjie Lai

Matrix factorization (MF) is employed by many popular algorithms, e.g., collaborative filtering. The emerging GPU technology, with massively multicore and high intra-chip memory bandwidth but limited memory capacity, presents an opportunity…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Wei Tan , Liangliang Cao , Liana Fong

Current FP8 grouped GEMM implementations require padding each group to a fixed alignment (e.g., 128), incurring memory and computational overhead. We propose \textit{TMA-Adaptive FP8 Grouped GEMM}, which eliminates padding by dynamically…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhongling Su , Rong Fu , Weihan Cao , Jianfei Gao , Minxi Jin , Zhilin Pei , Hui Wang

We present "GEMM-like Tensor-Tensor multiplication" (GETT), a novel approach to tensor contractions that mirrors the design of a high-performance general matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM). The critical insight behind GETT is the…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Paul Springer , Paolo Bientinesi

As the demand for AI computation rapidly increases, more hardware is being developed to efficiently perform the low-precision matrix multiplications required by such workloads. However, these operations are generally not directly applicable…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Daichi Mukunoki

Fast approximations to matrix multiplication have the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of neural network inference. Recent work on approximate matrix multiplication proposed to replace costly multiplications with table-lookups by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Calvin McCarter , Nicholas Dronen

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success as model sizes continue to grow, yet their deployment remains challenging due to significant computational and memory demands. Quantization has emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yu Zhang , Mingzi Wang , Lancheng Zou , Wulong Liu , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

In this paper, we propose a method for emulating double-precision general matrix--matrix multiplication (DGEMM), a fundamental and performance-critical kernel in many high-performance computing applications. Ozaki-I and Ozaki-II are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuki Uchino , Katsuhisa Ozaki , Toshiyuki Imamura