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Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a privacy-preserving technique that enables computation directly over ciphertext. Unfortunately, a key challenge for HE is that implementations can be impractically slow and have limits on computation that can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Hsuan Hsiao , Vincent Lee , Brandon Reagen , Armin Alaghi

Threshold fully homomorphic encryption (ThFHE) enables multiple parties to compute functions over their sensitive data without leaking data privacy. Most of existing ThFHE schemes are restricted to full threshold and require the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yijia Chang , Songze Li

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, making it a promising approach for privacy-preserving machine learning in domains like Connected and Autonomous Vehicles…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Muhammad Ali Najjar , Ren-Yi Huang , Dumindu Samaraweera , Prashant Shekhar

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in task automation and intelligent decision-making, driving the widespread adoption of agent development frameworks such as LangChain and AutoGen. However, these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jiabin Tang , Tianyu Fan , Chao Huang

In this paper, a secure Convolutional Neural Network classifier is proposed using Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). The secure classifier provides a user with the ability to out-source the computations to a powerful cloud server and/or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Thomas Shortell , Ali Shokoufandeh

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities to comprehend human intentions, engage in reasoning, and design planning-like behavior. To further unleash the power of LLMs to accomplish complex tasks, there…

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is a set of powerful properties of certain cryptosystems that allow for privacy-preserving operation over the encrypted text. Still, HE is not widespread due to limitations in terms of efficiency and usability.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 José Cabrero-Holgueras , Sergio Pastrana

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a promising cryptographic technique for enabling secure collaborative machine learning in the cloud. However, support for homomorphic computation on ciphertexts under multiple keys is inefficient. Current…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Asma Aloufi , Peizhao Hu

The emergence of LLMs has catalyzed a paradigm shift in autonomous agent development, enabling systems capable of reasoning, planning, and executing complex multi-step tasks. However, existing agent frameworks often suffer from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Akbar Anbar Jafari , Cagri Ozcinar , Gholamreza Anbarjafari

Suppose some data have been encrypted, can you compute with the data without decrypting them? This problem has been studied as homomorphic encryption and blind computing. We consider this problem in the context of quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-26 Min Liang

The integration of Large Language Model (LLM)-based conversational agents into vehicles creates novel security challenges at the intersection of agentic AI, automotive safety, and inter-agent communication. As these intelligent assistants…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Lukas Stappen , Ahmet Erkan Turan , Johann Hagerer , Georg Groh

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is widely adopted in untrusted environments such as federated learning. A notable limitation of conventional single-key HE schemes is the stringent security assumption regarding collusion between the parameter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Dongfang Zhao

Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as one of data science's most transformative and influential domains. However, the widespread adoption of ML introduces privacy-related concerns owing to the increasing number of malicious attacks targeting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Eugene Frimpong , Khoa Nguyen , Mindaugas Budzys , Tanveer Khan , Antonis Michalas

In previous work, Boemer et al. introduced nGraph-HE, an extension to the Intel nGraph deep learning (DL) compiler, that enables data scientists to deploy models with popular frameworks such as TensorFlow and PyTorch with minimal code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Fabian Boemer , Anamaria Costache , Rosario Cammarota , Casimir Wierzynski

The need for privacy-preserving analytics is higher than ever due to the severity of privacy risks and to comply with new privacy regulations leading to an amplified interest in privacy-preserving techniques that try to balance between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Ahmad Al Badawi , Luong Hoang , Chan Fook Mun , Kim Laine , Khin Mi Mi Aung

Federated Learning (FL) faces inherent challenges in balancing model performance, privacy preservation, and communication efficiency, especially in non-IID decentralized environments. Recent approaches either sacrifice formal privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Md Abrar Jahin , Taufikur Rahman Fuad , M. F. Mridha , Nafiz Fahad , Md. Jakir Hossen

The migration of computation to the cloud has raised concerns regarding the security and privacy of sensitive data, as their need to be decrypted before processing, renders them susceptible to potential breaches. Fully Homomorphic…

As privacy concerns in AI technologies continue to grow, Homomorphic Encryption (HE) offers a way to perform computations on encrypted data without the need of decryption during operations. However, HE is limited to addition and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Dimitrios Sygletos , Dimitra Papatsaroucha , Marios Choudetsanakis , Ilias Politis , Evangelos K. Markakis

The integration of fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) in federated learning (FL) has led to significant advances in data privacy. However, during the aggregation phase, it often results in performance degradation of the aggregated model,…

Bridging the gap between algorithm development and hardware realization remains a persistent challenge, particularly in latency- and resource-constrained domains such as wireless communication. While MATLAB provides a mature environment for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Jie Lei , Ruofan Jia , J. Andrew Zhang , Hao Zhang