Related papers: Variations and extensions of Croft's problem

We observe that if f is a continuous function on an interval I and x_0 \in I, then f is operator monotone if and only if the function (f(x) - f(x_0)/(x - x_0) is strongly operator convex. Then starting with an operator monotone function…

We study some variants of the Erd\H{o}s similarity problem. We pose the question if every measurable subset of the real line with positive measure contains a similar copy of an infinite geometric progression. We construct a compact subset…

Assuming the Continuum Hypothesis, there is a compact first countable connected space of weight aleph_1 with no totally disconnected perfect subsets. Each such space, however, may be destroyed by some proper forcing order which does not add…

The stipulation that no measurable quantity could have an infinite value is indispensable in physics. At the same time, in mathematics, the possibility of considering an infinite procedure as a whole is usually taken for granted. However,…

We discuss the occurrence of positive solutions which decay to 0 as $| x|\to+\infty$ to the differential equation $\Delta u+f(x,u)+g(| x|)x\cdot\nabla u=0$, $| x|>R>0$, $x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$, where $n\geq 3$, $g$ is nonnegative valued and…

Various problems on integers lead to the class of congruence preserving functions on rings, i.e. functions verifying $a-b$ divides $f(a)-f(b)$ for all $a,b$. We characterized these classes of functions in terms of sums of rational…

There are infinite processes (matrix products, continued fractions, $(r,s)$-matrix continued fractions, recurrence sequences) which, under certain circumstances, do not converge but instead diverge in a very predictable way. We give a…

In this work we prove that an entire function $f(z)$ has only negative zeros if and only if its order is strictly less $1$, its root sequence is real-part dominating and there exists an nonnegative integer $m$ the real function…

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour of two relatively new complexity functions defined on infinite words and their relationship to periodicity. Given a factor $u$ of an infinite word $x$, we say $u$ is closed if it is a letter…

Maximum satisfiability is a canonical NP-hard optimization problem that appears empirically hard for random instances. Let us say that a Conjunctive normal form (CNF) formula consisting of $k$-clauses is $p$-satisfiable if there exists a…

Let $\mu(n)$ denote the M\"obius function, define $M(x)= \sum_{n\leq x}^{}\mu (n)$. The main result of this paper is to prove that \begin{equation*} \displaystyle\lim_{x \to +\infty}\frac{M(x)}{x}=0 \end{equation*} which is equivalent to…

The famous Jacobian Conjecture asks if a morphism $f:K[x,y]\to K[x,y]$ with invertible Jacobian, is invertible ($K$ is a characteristic zero field). A known result says that if $K[f(x),f(y)] \subseteq K[x,y]$ is an integral extension, then…

We study pure exploration problems in which the set of correct answers is possibly infinite. For example, such problems arise when regressing a continuous function on the means of the bandit or when learning Nash equilibria by querying…

For decreasing sequences $\{t_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ converging to zero, we obtain the almost everywhere convergence results for sequences of Schr\"{o}dinger means $e^{it_{n}\Delta}f$, where $f \in H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{N}), N\geq 2$. The…

Let $C$ be a compact convex subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$, $f:C\to\mathbb{R}$ be a convex function, and $m\in\{1, 2, ..., \infty\}$. Assume that, along with $f$, we are given a family of polynomials satisfying Whitney's extension condition for…

Given a positive integer $N$ and real number $\alpha\in [0, 1]$, let $m(\alpha,N)$ denote the minimum, over all sets $A\subset \mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}$ of size at least $\alpha N$, of the normalized count of 3-term arithmetic progressions…

Let $X$ be a compact metric space and let $|A|$ denote the cardinality of a set $A$. We prove that if $f\colon X\to X$ is a homeomorphism and $|X|=\infty$ then for all $\delta>0$ there is $A\subset X$ such that $|A|=4$ and for all $k\in Z$…

We prove that if $f(x) = \sum_{k=0}^\infty a_k x^k,$ $a_k >0, $ is an entire function such that the sequence $Q := \left( \frac{a_k^2}{a_{k-1}a_{k+1}} \right)_{k=1}^\infty$ is non-decreasing and $\frac{a_1^2}{a_{0}a_{2}} \geq 2\sqrt[3]{2},$…

This paper provides a new and more direct proof of the assertion that a Turing computable function of the natural numbers is primitive recursive if and only if the time complexity of the corresponding Turing machine is bounded by a…

A function f is continuous iff the PRE-image f^{-1}[V] of any open set V is open again. Dual to this topological property, f is called OPEN iff the IMAGE f[U] of any open set U is open again. Several classical Open Mapping Theorems in…