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In this article, we study the properties of profinite geometric iterated monodromy groups associated to polynomials. Such groups can be seen as generic representations of absolute Galois groups of number fields into the automorphism group…

The inverse problem of Galois Theory was developed in the early 1800 s as an approach to understand polynomials and their roots. The inverse Galois problem states whether any finite group can be realized as a Galois group over Q (field of…

Bayesian belief networks can be used to represent and to reason about complex systems with uncertain, incomplete and conflicting information. Belief networks are graphs encoding and quantifying probabilistic dependence and conditional…

We compute the Galois groups for a certain class of polynomials over the the field of rational numbers that was introduced by S. Mori and study the monodromy of corresponding hyperelliptic jacobians.

Representation learning seeks meaningful sensory representations without supervision and can model aspects of human development. Although many neural networks empirically learn useful features, a principled account of what makes a…

In the field of machine learning, comprehending the intricate training dynamics of neural networks poses a significant challenge. This paper explores the training dynamics of neural networks, particularly whether these dynamics can be…

When monic integral polynomials of degree $n \geq 2$ are ordered by the maximum of the absolute value of their coefficients, the Hilbert irreducibility theorem implies that asymptotically 100% are irreducible and have Galois group…

This article is a survey of conjectures and results on reductive algebraic groups having good reduction at a suitable set of discrete valuations of the base field. Until recently, this subject has received relatively little attention, but…

Choose a polynomial $f$ uniformly at random from the set of all monic polynomials of degree $n$ with integer coefficients in the box $[-L,L]^n$. The main result of the paper asserts that if $L=L(n)$ grows to infinity, then the Galois group…

This article presents GenSQL, a probabilistic programming system for querying probabilistic generative models of database tables. By augmenting SQL with only a few key primitives for querying probabilistic models, GenSQL enables complex…

We give a complete answer to the analogue of Grothendieck conjecture on p-curvatures for q-difference equations defined over K(x), where K is any finitely generated extension of Q and q\in K can be either a transcendental or an algebraic…

We develop a Galois theory for difference ring extensions, inspired by Magid's separable Galois theory for ring extensions and by Janelidze's categorical Galois theory. Our difference Galois theorem states that the category of difference…

Let $n\ge 3$ be an odd natural number. In 1738, Abraham de Moivre introduced a family of polynomials of degree $n$ with rational coefficients, all of which are solvable. So far, the Galois groups of these polynomials have been investigated…

Let~$E$ be a Hilbertian field of characteristic~$0$. R.W.K. Odoni conjectured that for every positive integer~$n$ there exists a polynomial~$f\in E[X]$ of degree~$n$ such that each iterate~$f^{\circ{k}}$ of~$f$ is irreducible and the Galois…

Counting number fields with prescribed Galois group is an enduring challenge in arithmetic statistics. Using the determinant method, we provide an upper bound for even groups, which is new in some cases.

In this paper we develop a differential Galois theory for algebraic Lie-Vessiot systems in algebraic homogeneous spaces. Lie-Vessiot systems are non autonomous vector fields that are linear combinations with time-dependent coefficients of…

Let $X$ be a smooth, separated, geometrically connected scheme defined over a number field $K$ and $\{\rho_\lambda\}_\lambda$ a system of n-dimensional semisimple $\lambda$-adic representations of the \'etale fundamental group of $X$ such…

We discuss the $\ell$-adic case of Mazur's "Program B" over $\mathbb{Q}$, the problem of classifying the possible images of $\ell$-adic Galois representations attached to elliptic curves $E$ over $\mathbb{Q}$, equivalently, classifying the…

This paper concerns the description of holomorphic extensions of algebraic number fields. We define a hyperbolized adele class group for every number field K Galois over Q and consider the Hardy space H[K] of graded-holomorphic functions on…

We introduce the first provably efficient algorithm to check if a finitely generated subgroup of an almost simple semi-simple group over the rationals is Zariski-dense. We reduce this question to one of computing Galois groups, and to this…