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The way humans attend to, process and classify a given image has the potential to vastly benefit the performance of deep learning models. Exploiting where humans are focusing can rectify models when they are deviating from essential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Yao Rong , Wenjia Xu , Zeynep Akata , Enkelejda Kasneci

This paper presents the selective use of eye-gaze information in learning human actions in Atari games. Vast evidence suggests that our eye movement convey a wealth of information about the direction of our attention and mental states and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Chaitanya Thammineni , Hemanth Manjunatha , Ehsan T. Esfahani

Interacting with a significant number of individuals on a daily basis is commonplace for many professionals, which can lead to challenges in recalling specific details: Who is this person? What did we talk about last time? The advant of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Raphaël A. El Haddad , Zeyu Wang , Yeonsu Shin , Ranyi Liu , Yuntao Wang , Chun Yu

Despite advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, robotic manipulation struggles with fine-grained tasks because current models lack mechanisms for active visual attention allocation. Human gaze naturally encodes intent, planning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Anupam Pani , Yanchao Yang

AI agents that interact with users across multiple sessions require persistent long-term memory to maintain coherent, personalized behavior. Current approaches either rely on flat retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which loses structural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Swarna Kamal Paul , Shubhendu Sharma , Nitin Sareen

Previous studies have illustrated the potential of analysing gaze behaviours in collaborative learning to provide educationally meaningful information for students to reflect on their learning. Over the past decades, machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Junyuan Liang , Qi Zhou , Sahan Bulathwela , Mutlu Cukurova

An increasing number of works explore collaborative human-computer systems in which human gaze is used to enhance computer vision systems. For object detection these efforts were so far restricted to late integration approaches that have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Iaroslav Shcherbatyi , Andreas Bulling , Mario Fritz

Gaze estimation, which predicts gaze direction, commonly faces the challenge of interference from complex gaze-irrelevant information in face images. In this work, we propose DMAGaze, a novel gaze estimation framework that exploits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Haohan Chen , Hongjia Liu , Shiyong Lan , Wenwu Wang , Yixin Qiao , Yao Li , Guonan Deng

We propose a novel active learning framework for activity recognition using wearable sensors. Our work is unique in that it takes physical and cognitive limitations of the oracle into account when selecting sensor data to be annotated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Zhila Esna Ashari , Hassan Ghasemzadeh

We propose the notion of Attention-Aware Visualizations (AAVs) that track the user's perception of a visual representation over time and feed this information back to the visualization. Such context awareness is particularly useful for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Arvind Srinivasan , Johannes Ellemose , Peter W. S. Butcher , Panagiotis D. Ritsos , Niklas Elmqvist

Active perception and foveal vision are the foundations of the human visual system. While foveal vision reduces the amount of information to process during a gaze fixation, active perception will change the gaze direction to the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Alexandre M. F. Dias , Luís Simões , Plinio Moreno , Alexandre Bernardino

Modern information querying systems are progressively incorporating multimodal inputs like vision and audio. However, the integration of gaze -- a modality deeply linked to user intent and increasingly accessible via gaze-tracking wearables…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zeyu Wang , Yuanchun Shi , Yuntao Wang , Yuchen Yao , Kun Yan , Yuhan Wang , Lei Ji , Xuhai Xu , Chun Yu

Eye-tracking offers rich insights into student cognition and engagement, but remains underutilized in classroom-facing educational technology due to challenges in data interpretation and accessibility. In this paper, we present the…

Designing intuitive interfaces for robotic control remains a central challenge in enabling effective human-robot interaction, particularly in assistive care settings. Eye gaze offers a fast, non-intrusive, and intent-rich input modality,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tracey Yee Hsin Tay , Xu Yan , Jonathan Ouyang , Daniel Wu , William Jiang , Jonathan Kao , Yuchen Cui

This paper is interested in investigating whether human gaze signals can be leveraged to improve state-of-the-art search engine performance and how to incorporate this new input signal marked by human attention into existing neural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Sibo Dong , Justin Goldstein , Grace Hui Yang

Gaze understanding unifies the detection of people, their gaze targets, and objects of interest into a single framework, offering critical insight into visual attention and intent estimation. Although prior research has modelled gaze cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Athul M. Mathew , Haithem Hermassi , Thariq Khalid , Arshad Ali Khan

Language learners should regularly engage in reading challenging materials as part of their study routine. Nevertheless, constantly referring to dictionaries is time-consuming and distracting. This paper presents a novel gaze-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Taichi Higasa , Keitaro Tanaka , Qi Feng , Shigeo Morishima

Gaze is a valuable means of communication for impaired people with extremely limited motor capabilities. However, robust gaze-based intent recognition in multi-object environments is challenging due to gaze noise, micro-saccades, viewpoint…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuzhi Lai , Shenghai Yuan , Peizheng Li , Andreas Zell

Eye gaze can provide rich information on human psychological activities, and has garnered significant attention in the field of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). However, existing gaze estimation methods merely predict either the gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Haoming Huang , Musen Zhang , Jianxin Yang , Zhen Li , Jinkai Li , Yao Guo

Gaze following estimates gaze targets of in-scene person by understanding human behavior and scene information. Existing methods usually analyze scene images for gaze following. However, compared with visual images, audio also provides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Yuqi Hou , Zhongqun Zhang , Nora Horanyi , Jaewon Moon , Yihua Cheng , Hyung Jin Chang