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Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been around for decades and employed to solve various sequential decision-making problems. These algorithms however have faced great challenges when dealing with high-dimensional environments. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for building Agents capable of active environmental interaction (e.g., via tool use) to solve complex problems. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is considered a key technology with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mingyue Cheng , Jie Ouyang , Shuo Yu , Ruiran Yan , Yucong Luo , Zirui Liu , Daoyu Wang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

LLM-agent training pipelines routinely discard failed trajectories even though GPT-4o achieves only 14-20% on WebArena and below 55% pass@1 on ToolBench; even specialised systems at 50-65% leave the majority of trajectories unused. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Liang Ding

A resource-constrained unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can be used as a flying LoRa gateway (GW) to move inside the target area for efficient data collection and LoRa resource management. In this work, we propose deep reinforcement learning…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Mohammed Jouhari , Khalil Ibrahimi , Jalel Ben Othman , El Mehdi Amhoud

This paper presents a novel reinforcement learning framework for trajectory tracking of unmanned aerial vehicles in cluttered environments using a dual-agent architecture. Traditional optimization methods for trajectory tracking face…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Shaswat Garg , Houman Masnavi , Baris Fidan , Farrokh Janabi-Sharifi

By leveraging the underlying structures of the quadrotor dynamics, we propose multi-agent reinforcement learning frameworks to innovate the low-level control of a quadrotor, where independent agents operate cooperatively to achieve a common…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Beomyeol Yu , Taeyoung Lee

The promotion of large-scale applications of reinforcement learning (RL) requires efficient training computation. While existing parallel RL frameworks encompass a variety of RL algorithms and parallelization techniques, the excessively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jing Hou , Guang Chen , Ruiqi Zhang , Zhijun Li , Shangding Gu , Changjun Jiang

Equipping LLMs with tool-use capabilities via Agentic Reinforcement Learning (Agentic RL) is bottlenecked by two challenges: the lack of scalable, robust execution environments and the scarcity of realistic training data that captures…

Proactive large language model (LLM) agents aim to actively plan, query, and interact over multiple turns, enabling efficient task completion beyond passive instruction following and making them essential for real-world, user-centric…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Haohong Lin , Shiqi Liu , Zuxin Liu , Jiacheng Zhu , Zhang-Wei Hong , Laixi Shi , Ding Zhao

Learning in environments with large state and action spaces, and sparse rewards, can hinder a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent's learning through trial-and-error. For instance, following natural language instructions on the Web (such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Izzeddin Gur , Ulrich Rueckert , Aleksandra Faust , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

We propose QeRL, a Quantization-enhanced Reinforcement Learning framework for large language models (LLMs). While RL is essential for LLMs' reasoning capabilities, it is resource-intensive, requiring substantial GPU memory and long rollout…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wei Huang , Yi Ge , Shuai Yang , Yicheng Xiao , Huizi Mao , Yujun Lin , Hanrong Ye , Sifei Liu , Ka Chun Cheung , Hongxu Yin , Yao Lu , Xiaojuan Qi , Song Han , Yukang Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled web agents that follow natural language goals through multi-step browser interactions. However, agents fine-tuned on specific trajectories and domain often struggle to generalize out of domain, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Fatemeh Pesaran Zadeh , Seyeon Choi , Xing Han Lù , Siva Reddy , Gunhee Kim

As LLMs shift toward autonomous agents, Deep Research has emerged as a pivotal metric. However, existing academic benchmarks like BrowseComp often fail to meet real-world demands for open-ended research, which requires robust skills in…

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a trending paradigm for training reasoning large language models (LLMs). However, due to the autoregressive decoding nature of LLMs, the rollout process becomes the efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yuhang Li , Reena Elangovan , Xin Dong , Priyadarshini Panda , Brucek Khailany

Agentic repository-level code understanding is essential for automating complex software engineering tasks, yet the field lacks reliable benchmarks. Existing evaluations often overlook the long tail topics and rely on popular repositories…

Agent skills today are static artifact: authored once -- by human curation or one-shot generation from parametric knowledge -- and then consumed unchanged, with no mechanism to improve from real use. We propose \textbf{SkillEvolver}, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Genrui Zhang , Erle Zhu , Jinfeng Zhou , Caiyan Jia , Hongning Wang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms have accomplished remarkable breakthroughs in solving large-scale decision-making tasks. Nonetheless, most existing MARL algorithms are model-free, limiting sample efficiency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Qihan Liu , Jianing Ye , Xiaoteng Ma , Jun Yang , Bin Liang , Chongjie Zhang

Existing machine learning engineering (MLE) agents struggle to iteratively optimize their implemented algorithms for effectiveness. To address this, we introduce MLE-Ideator, a dual-agent framework that separates ideation from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yunxiang Zhang , Kang Zhou , Zhichao Xu , Kiran Ramnath , Yun Zhou , Sangmin Woo , Haibo Ding , Lin Lee Cheong

Multicast communication technology is widely applied in wireless environments with a high device density. Traditional wireless network architectures have difficulty flexibly obtaining and maintaining global network state information and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Hongwen Hu , Miao Ye , Chenwei Zhao , Qiuxiang Jiang , Yong Wang , Hongbing Qiu , Xiaofang Deng

Recent advancements in software engineering agents have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating program improvements. However, their reliance on closed-source or resource-intensive models introduces significant deployment…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yingwei Ma , Yongbin Li , Yihong Dong , Xue Jiang , Rongyu Cao , Jue Chen , Fei Huang , Binhua Li