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Related papers: How many outbreaks before an epidemic?

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This is a pedagogical paper on estimating the number of people that can be infected by one infectious person during an epidemic outbreak, known as the reproduction number. Knowing the number is crucial for developing policy responses. There…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-30 H. Susanto , V. R. Tjahjono , A. Hasan , M. F. Kasim , N. Nuraini , E. R. M. Putri , R. Kusdiantara , H. Kurniawan

Reproduction numbers are widely used for the estimation and prediction of epidemic spreading processes over networks. However, reproduction numbers do not enable estimation and prediction in individual communities within networks, and they…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Baike She , Philip E. Paré , Matthew Hale

In this paper we conduct a simulation study of the spread of an epidemic like COVID-19 with temporary immunity on finite spatial and non-spatial network models. In particular, we assume that an epidemic spreads stochastically on a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-16 Tim Hulshof , Joost Jorritsma , Júlia Komjáthy

We study some simple models of disease transmission on small-world networks, in which either the probability of infection by a disease or the probability of its transmission is varied, or both. The resulting models display epidemic behavior…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Cristopher Moore , M. E. J. Newman

Uncertainty can be classified as either aleatoric (intrinsic randomness) or epistemic (imperfect knowledge of parameters). The majority of frameworks assessing infectious disease risk consider only epistemic uncertainty. We only ever…

In individual SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, the count of confirmed cases and deaths follow a Gompertz growth function for locations of very different sizes. This lack of dependence on region size leads us to hypothesize that virus spread depends on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-03 Francesco Zonta , Andrea Scaiewicz , Michael Levitt

The spreading dynamics of an epidemic and the collective behavioral pattern of the population over which it spreads are deeply intertwined and the latter can critically shape the outcome of the former. Motivated by this, we design a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-25 Mengbin Ye , Lorenzo Zino , Alessandro Rizzo , Ming Cao

The abrupt outbreak and transmission of biological diseases has always been a long-time concern of humankind. For long, mathematical modeling has served as a simple and yet efficient tool to investigate, predict, and control spread of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-10 Aresh Dadlani , Richard O. Afolabi , Hyoyoung Jung , Khosrow Sohraby , Kiseon Kim

In this work we propose a novel space-dependent multiscale model for the spread of infectious diseases in a two-dimensional spatial context on realistic geographical scenarios. The model couples a system of kinetic transport equations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-21 Walter Boscheri , Giacomo Dimarco , Lorenzo Pareschi

We study a class of individual-based, fixed-population size epidemic models under general assumptions, e.g., heterogeneous contact rates encapsulating changes in behavior and/or enforcement of control measures. We show that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Jean-Jil Duchamps , Félix Foutel-Rodier , Emmanuel Schertzer

The appearance of the coronavirus (COVID-19) in late 2019 has dominated the news in the last few months as it developed into a pandemic. In many mathematics and physics classrooms, instructors are using the time series of the number of…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-07-24 Paulo H. Acioli

No, they can't. Epidemic spread is characterized by exponentially growing dynamics, which are intrinsically unpredictable. The time at which the growth in the number of infected individuals halts and starts decreasing cannot be calculated…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-20 Mario Castro , Saúl Ares , José A. Cuesta , Susanna Manrubia

We analyse a stochastic SIS epidemic amongst a finite population partitioned into households. Since the population is finite, the epidemic will eventually go extinct, i.e., have no more infectives in the population. We study the effects of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-08-05 Tom Britton , Peter Neal

Epidemiological models describe the spread of an infectious disease within a population. They capture microscopic details on how the disease is passed on among individuals in various different ways, while making predictions about the state…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-27 Stefan Hohenegger , Francesco Sannino

We present a stochastic epidemic model to study the effect of various preventive measures, such as uniform reduction of contacts and transmission, vaccination, isolation, screening and contact tracing, on a disease outbreak in a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-08 Martina Favero , Gianpaolo Scalia Tomba , Tom Britton

The Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) equations and their extensions comprise a commonly utilized set of models for understanding and predicting the course of an epidemic. In practice, it is of substantial interest to estimate the…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-07 Omar Melikechi , Alexander L. Young , Tao Tang , Trevor Bowman , David Dunson , James Johndrow

The COVID-19 pandemic poses challenges for continuing economic activity while reducing health risks. While these challenges can be mitigated through testing, testing budget is often limited. Here we study how institutions, such as nursing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-01-05 Janni Yuval , Mor Nitzan , Neta Ravid Tannenbaum , Boaz Barak

Global strategies to contain a pandemic, such as social distancing and protective measures, are designed to reduce the overall transmission rate between individuals. Despite such measures, essential institutions, including hospitals,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-07 Roberto Morán-Tovar , Henning Gruell , Florian Klein , Michael Lässig

Most infectious diseases including more than half of known human pathogens are not restricted to just one host, yet much of the mathematical modeling of infections has been limited to a single species. We investigate consequences of a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-30 Sergei Maslov , Kim Sneppen

We propose a mathematical model to analyze the time evolution of the total number of infected population with Covid-19 disease at a region in the ongoing pandemic. Using the available data of Covid-19 infected population on various…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-17 Nilmani Mathur , Gargi Shaw