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Classifier-free guidance has become a staple for conditional generation with denoising diffusion models. However, a comprehensive understanding of classifier-free guidance is still missing. In this work, we carry out an empirical study to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoming Zhao , Alexander G. Schwing

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) has been a default technique in various visual generative models, yet it requires inference from both conditional and unconditional models during sampling. We propose to build visual models that are free from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Huayu Chen , Kai Jiang , Kaiwen Zheng , Jianfei Chen , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

In zero-shot text-to-speech, achieving a balance between fidelity to the target speaker and adherence to text content remains a challenge. While classifier-free guidance (CFG) strategies have shown promising results in image generation,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 John Zheng , Farhad Maleki

Popular guidance for denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) linearly combines distinct conditional models together to provide enhanced control over samples. However, this approach overlooks nonlinear effects that become significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Candi Zheng , Yuan Lan

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) serves as the de facto control mechanism for conditional diffusion, yet high guidance scales notoriously induce oversaturation, texture artifacts, and structural collapse. We attribute this failure to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zexi Jia , Pengcheng Luo , Zhengyao Fang , Jinchao Zhang , Jie Zhou

Training-free diffusion guidance offers a flexible framework for leveraging off-the-shelf classifiers without additional training. Yet, current approaches hinge on posterior approximations via Tweedie's formula, which often yield unreliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Van Khoa Nguyen , Lionel Blondé , Alexandros Kalousis

We introduce Spectral Guidance, a framework for controlling diffusion models by leveraging the intrinsic geometry of the generative process. As data is progressively corrupted by noise, only a small number of features remain informative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gabriel Moreira , Manuel Marques , João Paulo Costeira , Chenyan Xiong

Diffusion models often exhibit inconsistent sample quality due to stochastic variations inherent in their sampling trajectories. Although training-based fine-tuning (e.g. DDPO [1]) and inference-time alignment techniques[2] aim to improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sixian Wang , Zhiwei Tang , Tsung-Hui Chang

Temporal sequential tasks challenge humanoid robots, as existing Diffusion Policy (DP) and Action Chunking with Transformers (ACT) methods often lack temporal context, resulting in local optima traps and excessive repetitive actions. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yuang Lu , Song Wang , Xiao Han , Xuri Zhang , Yucong Wu , Zhicheng He

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in synthesizing complex static and temporal visuals, a breakthrough largely driven by Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG). However, despite its pivotal role in aligning generated content with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Haosen Li , Wenshuo Chen , Lei Wang , Shaofeng Liang , Bowen Tian , Soning Lai , Yutao Yue

The primary axes of interest in image-generating diffusion models are image quality, the amount of variation in the results, and how well the results align with a given condition, e.g., a class label or a text prompt. The popular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

Score-based generative models require guidance in order to generate plausible, on-manifold samples. The most popular guidance method, Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG), is only applicable in settings with labeled data and requires training an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Eric Yeats , Darryl Hannan , Wilson Fearn , Timothy Doster , Henry Kvinge , Scott Mahan

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) is essential for high-fidelity conditional generation in flow matching, yet it imposes significant computational overhead by requiring dual forward passes at each sampling step. In this work, we address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xin Peng , Ang Gao

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) has recently emerged in text-to-image generation as a lightweight technique to encourage prompt-adherence in generations. In this work, we demonstrate that CFG can be used broadly as an inference-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Guillaume Sanchez , Honglu Fan , Alexander Spangher , Elad Levi , Pawan Sasanka Ammanamanchi , Stella Biderman

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful tool for generating high-quality images, videos, and 3D content. While sampling guidance techniques like CFG improve quality, they reduce diversity and motion. Autoguidance mitigates these issues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Junha Hyung , Kinam Kim , Susung Hong , Min-Jung Kim , Jaegul Choo

Various weather modelling problems (e.g., weather forecasting, optimizing turbine placements, etc.) require ample access to high-resolution, highly accurate wind data. Acquiring such high-resolution wind data, however, remains a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Jacob Schnell , Aditya Makkar , Gunadi Gani , Aniket Srinivasan Ashok , Darren Lo , Mike Optis , Alexander Wong , Yuhao Chen

Guidance techniques are simple yet effective for improving conditional generation in diffusion models. Albeit their empirical success, the practical implementation of guidance diverges significantly from its theoretical motivation. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Zhengqi Gao , Kaiwen Zha , Tianyuan Zhang , Zihui Xue , Duane S. Boning

Guidance in image generation steers models towards higher-quality or more targeted outputs, typically achieved in Diffusion Models (DMs) via Classifier-free Guidance (CFG). However, recent Consistency Models (CMs), which offer fewer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chia-Hong Hsu , Shiu-hong Kao , Randall Balestriero

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) has established the foundation for guidance mechanisms in diffusion models, showing that well-designed guidance proxies significantly improve conditional generation and sample quality. Autoguidance (AG) has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Inho Kong , Sojin Lee , Youngjoon Hong , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Guided or controlled data generation with diffusion models\blfootnote{Partial preliminary results of this work appeared in International Conference on Machine Learning 2025 \citep{li2025provable}.} has become a cornerstone of modern…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-05 Yuchen Jiao , Yuxin Chen , Gen Li