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Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in guiding embodied agents to execute language instructions across a range of tasks, including robotic manipulation and navigation. However, existing methods are primarily…

The modeling of high-dimensional spatio-temporal processes presents a fundamental dichotomy between the probabilistic rigor of classical geostatistics and the flexible, high-capacity representations of deep learning. While Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yuri Calleo

Learning image transformations is essential to the idea of mental simulation as a method of cognitive inference. We take a connectionist modeling approach, using planar neural networks to learn fundamental imagery transformations, like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Joel Michelson , Joshua H. Palmer , Aneesha Dasari , Maithilee Kunda

Autonomous mobile robots (e.g., warehouse logistics robots) often need to traverse complex, obstacle-rich, and changing environments to reach multiple fixed goals (e.g., warehouse shelves). Traditional motion planners need to calculate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yuanjie Lu , Dibyendu Das , Erion Plaku , Xuesu Xiao

Although it is known that transformer language models (LMs) pass features from early layers to later layers, it is not well understood how this information is represented and routed by the model. We analyze a mechanism used in two LMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Jack Merullo , Carsten Eickhoff , Ellie Pavlick

To make effective decisions in novel environments with long-horizon goals, it is crucial to engage in hierarchical reasoning across spatial and temporal scales. This entails planning abstract subgoal sequences, visually reasoning about the…

This paper introduces a novel semantics-aware inspection planning policy derived through deep reinforcement learning. Reflecting the fact that within autonomous informative path planning missions in unknown environments, it is often only a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Grzegorz Malczyk , Mihir Kulkarni , Kostas Alexis

Enabling humanoid robots to perform autonomously loco-manipulation in unstructured environments is crucial and highly challenging for achieving embodied intelligence. This involves robots being able to plan their actions and behaviors in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Jin Wang , Arturo Laurenzi , Nikos Tsagarakis

Strategic planning is critical for multi-step reasoning, yet compact Large Language Models (LLMs) often lack the capacity to formulate global strategies, leading to error propagation in long-horizon tasks. Our analysis reveals that LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haoyu Zheng , Yun Zhu , Yuqian Yuan , Bo Yuan , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Jun Xiao

A robot's ability to understand or ground natural language instructions is fundamentally tied to its knowledge about the surrounding world. We present an approach to grounding natural language utterances in the context of factual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Rohan Paul , Andrei Barbu , Sue Felshin , Boris Katz , Nicholas Roy

Applying AI foundation models directly to geospatial datasets remains challenging due to their limited ability to represent and reason with geographical entities, specifically vector-based geometries and natural language descriptions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yuhan Ji , Song Gao , Ying Nie , Ivan Majić , Krzysztof Janowicz

We propose a learning-based navigation system for reaching visually indicated goals and demonstrate this system on a real mobile robot platform. Learning provides an appealing alternative to conventional methods for robotic navigation:…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Dhruv Shah , Benjamin Eysenbach , Gregory Kahn , Nicholas Rhinehart , Sergey Levine

Algorithms for motion planning in unknown environments are generally limited in their ability to reason about the structure of the unobserved environment. As such, current methods generally navigate unknown environments by relying on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Amine Elhafsi , Boris Ivanovic , Lucas Janson , Marco Pavone

We present a hierarchical skeleton-guided motion planning algorithm to guide mobile robots. A good skeleton maps the connectivity of the subspace of c-space containing significant degrees of freedom and is able to guide the planner to find…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Diane Uwacu , Ananya Yammanuru , Marco Morales , Nancy M. Amato

Planning with world models offers a powerful paradigm for robotic control. Conventional approaches train a model to predict future frames conditioned on current frames and actions, which can then be used for planning. However, the objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jacob Berg , Chuning Zhu , Yanda Bao , Ishan Durugkar , Abhishek Gupta

Spatial reasoning, which requires ability to perceive and manipulate spatial relationships in the 3D world, is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence, yet remains a persistent challenge for Multimodal large language models (MLLMs).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Weichen Liu , Qiyao Xue , Haoming Wang , Xiangyu Yin , Boyuan Yang , Wei Gao

Cognitive maps play a crucial role in facilitating flexible behaviour by representing spatial and conceptual relationships within an environment. The ability to learn and infer the underlying structure of the environment is crucial for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Daria de Tinguy , Toon Van de Maele , Tim Verbelen , Bart Dhoedt

Self-supervised pre-training based on next-token prediction has enabled large language models to capture the underlying structure of text, and has led to unprecedented performance on a large array of tasks when applied at scale. Similarly,…

This study examines the problem of hopping robot navigation planning to achieve simultaneous goal-directed and environment exploration tasks. We consider a scenario in which the robot has mandatory goal-directed tasks defined using Linear…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Jesse Jiang , Samuel Coogan , Ye Zhao

Robust evidence suggests that humans explore their environment using a combination of topological landmarks and coarse-grained path integration. This approach relies on identifiable environmental features (topological landmarks) in tandem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Daria de Tinguy , Toon van de Maele , Tim Verbelen , Bart Dhoedt