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For regulatory and interpretability reasons, logistic regression is still widely used. To improve prediction accuracy and interpretability, a preprocessing step quantizing both continuous and categorical data is usually performed:…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-22 Adrien Ehrhardt , Christophe Biernacki , Vincent Vandewalle , Philippe Heinrich

Quantization, a commonly used technique to reduce the memory footprint of a neural network for edge computing, entails reducing the precision of the floating-point representation used for the parameters of the network. The impact of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Abhishek Murthy , Himel Das , Md Ariful Islam

Deep learning have achieved promising results on a wide spectrum of AI applications. Larger datasets and models consistently yield better performance. However, we generally spend longer training time on more computation and communication.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Xiaoxin He , Fuzhao Xue , Xiaozhe Ren , Yang You

Weight quantisation is an essential technique for enabling efficient training and deployment of modern deep learning models. However, the recipe book of quantisation formats is large and formats are often chosen empirically. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Douglas Orr , Luka Ribar , Carlo Luschi

High-dimensional models often have a large memory footprint and must be quantized after training before being deployed on resource-constrained edge devices for inference tasks. In this work, we develop an information-theoretic framework for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Rajarshi Saha , Mert Pilanci , Andrea J. Goldsmith

We present a simple meta quantization approach that quantizes different layers of a large language model (LLM) at different bit levels, and is independent of the underlying quantization technique. Specifically, we quantize the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Razvan-Gabriel Dumitru , Vikas Yadav , Rishabh Maheshwary , Paul-Ioan Clotan , Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan , Mihai Surdeanu

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited exciting progress in multiple scenarios, while the huge computational demands hinder their deployments in lots of real-world applications. As an effective means to reduce memory footprint and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yijun Liu , Yuan Meng , Fang Wu , Shenhao Peng , Hang Yao , Chaoyu Guan , Chen Tang , Xinzhu Ma , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Quantization methods reduce the number of bits required to represent each parameter in a model, trading accuracy for smaller memory footprints and inference latencies. However, the final model size depends on both the number of parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Tim Dettmers , Luke Zettlemoyer

Although the quest for more accurate solutions is pushing deep learning research towards larger and more complex algorithms, edge devices demand efficient inference and therefore reduction in model size, latency and energy consumption. One…

The ever-growing size of neural networks poses serious challenges on resource-constrained devices, such as embedded sensors. Compression algorithms that reduce their size can mitigate these problems, provided that model performance stays…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Alexander Conzelmann , Robert Bamler

Fine-tuning is a crucial process for adapting large language models (LLMs) to diverse applications. In certain scenarios, such as multi-tenant serving, deploying multiple LLMs becomes necessary to meet complex demands. Recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Bowen Ping , Shuo Wang , Hanqing Wang , Xu Han , Yuzhuang Xu , Yukun Yan , Yun Chen , Baobao Chang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Quantization followed by parameter-efficient fine-tuning has emerged as a promising paradigm for downstream adaptation under tight GPU memory constraints. However, this sequential pipeline fails to leverage the intricate interaction between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Changhai Zhou , Shiyang Zhang , Yuhua Zhou , Qian Qiao , Jun Gao , Cheng Jin , Kaizhou Qin , Weizhong Zhang

Clinical trials are notorious for their high failure rates and steep costs, leading to wasted time and resources spend, prolonged development timelines, and delayed patient access to new therapies. A key contributor to these failures is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Laia Domingo , Christine Johnson

The upscaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has yielded impressive advances in natural language processing, yet it also poses significant deployment challenges. Weight quantization has emerged as a widely embraced solution to reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Dayou Du , Yijia Zhang , Shijie Cao , Jiaqi Guo , Ting Cao , Xiaowen Chu , Ningyi Xu

We discuss training techniques, objectives and metrics toward personalization of deep learning models. In machine learning, personalization addresses the goal of a trained model to target a particular individual by optimizing one or more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Johannes Schneider , Michail Vlachos

Although deep neural networks are highly effective, their high computational and memory costs severely challenge their applications on portable devices. As a consequence, low-bit quantization, which converts a full-precision neural network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jiwei Yang , Xu Shen , Jun Xing , Xinmei Tian , Houqiang Li , Bing Deng , Jianqiang Huang , Xiansheng Hua

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing but pose significant challenges for real-world deployment. These models necessitate considerable computing resources, which can be costly and frequently unavailable.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Xiliang Zhu , Elena Khasanova , Cheng Chen

Embedding Artificial Intelligence onto low-power devices is a challenging task that has been partly overcome with recent advances in machine learning and hardware design. Presently, deep neural networks can be deployed on embedded targets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Pierre-Emmanuel Novac , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond , Vincent Gripon

Quantum annealing is typically regarded as a tool for combinatorial optimization, but its coherent dynamics also offer potential for machine learning. We present a model that encodes classical data into an Ising Hamiltonian, evolves it on a…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities as their scale expands to billions of parameters. Deploying these large-scale models on resource-constrained platforms presents significant…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Keran Zheng , Yinting Huang , Zhewen Yu , Christos-Savvas Bouganis