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The growing scale of large language models (LLMs) not only demands extensive computational resources but also raises environmental concerns due to their increasing carbon footprint. Model quantization emerges as an effective approach that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Saima Afrin , Bowen Xu , Antonio Mastropaolo

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the resource demands of these models pose substantial challenges. Structured pruning is an effective approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Changhai Zhou , Yuhua Zhou , Shijie Han , Qian Qiao , Hongguang Li

Over the last decades, hand-crafted feature extractors have been used to encode image visual properties into feature vectors. Recently, data-driven feature learning approaches have been successfully explored as alternatives for producing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Érico M. Pereira , Ricardo da S. Torres , Jefersson A. dos Santos

Quantization-aware training (QAT) is a leading technique for improving the accuracy of quantized neural networks. Previous work has shown that decomposing training into a full-precision (FP) phase followed by a QAT phase yields superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Aleksandr Dremov , David Grangier , Angelos Katharopoulos , Awni Hannun

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success across various domains, such as video games, robotics, and, recently, large language models. However, the computational costs and memory requirements of DRL models often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Heng Lu , Mehdi Alemi , Reza Rawassizadeh

As Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) rapidly advance in various fields, including speech verification, they typically involve high computational costs and substantial memory consumption, which can be challenging to manage on mobile systems.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Yeona Hong , Woo-Jin Chung , Hong-Goo Kang

Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) has emerged as a pivotal task in computer vision, supporting numerous real-world applications. However, deploying accurate depth estimation models on resource-limited edge devices, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Xuan Shen , Weize Ma , Jing Liu , Changdi Yang , Rui Ding , Quanyi Wang , Henghui Ding , Wei Niu , Yanzhi Wang , Pu Zhao , Jun Lin , Jiuxiang Gu

Deep learning is pervasive in our daily life, including self-driving cars, virtual assistants, social network services, healthcare services, face recognition, etc. However, deep neural networks demand substantial compute resources during…

Quantization is essential for reducing the computational cost and memory usage of deep neural networks, enabling efficient inference on low-precision hardware. Despite the growing adoption of uniform and floating-point quantization schemes,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Mehmet Aktukmak , Daniel Huang , Ke Ding

Quantization is emerging as an efficient approach to promote hardware-friendly deep learning and run deep neural networks on resource-limited hardware. However, it still causes a significant decrease to the network in accuracy. We summarize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Haotong Qin

Low-bit post-training quantization (PTQ) is a practical route to deploy reasoning-capable LLMs under tight memory and latency budgets, yet it can markedly impair mathematical reasoning (drops up to 69.81% in our harder settings). We address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhen Li , Yupeng Su , Songmiao Wang , Runming Yang , Congkai Xie , Aofan Liu , Ming Li , Jiannong Cao , Yuan Xie , Ngai Wong , Hongxia Yang

We introduce a novel run-time method for significantly reducing the accuracy loss associated with quantizing BERT-like models to 8-bit integers. Existing methods for quantizing models either modify the training procedure,or they require an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Yousef El-Kurdi , Jerry Quinn , Avirup Sil

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices enhances privacy but faces performance hurdles due to limited resources. We introduce a systematic methodology to evaluate on-device LLMs, balancing capability, efficiency, and resource…

The development of deep learning algorithms has extensively empowered humanity's task automatization capacity. However, the huge improvement in the performance of these models is highly correlated with their increasing level of complexity,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Eduarda Caldeira , Pedro C. Neto , Marco Huber , Naser Damer , Ana F. Sequeira

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency in generating text, benefiting from extensive training on vast textual corpora. However, LLMs may also acquire unwanted behaviors from the diverse and sensitive nature of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Zhiwei Zhang , Fali Wang , Xiaomin Li , Zongyu Wu , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Qi He , Wenpeng Yin , Suhang Wang

Background: As empirical software engineering evolves, more studies adopt data strategies$-$approaches that investigate digital artifacts such as models, source code, or system logs rather than relying on human subjects. Synthesizing…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown an impressive capability in code generation. The LLM effectiveness generally increases with its size: The higher the number of LLM's trainable parameters the better its ability to implement code.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Alessandro Giagnorio , Antonio Mastropaolo , Saima Afrin , Massimiliano Di Penta , Gabriele Bavota

Language models have proven successful across a wide range of software engineering tasks, but their significant computational costs often hinder their practical adoption. To address this challenge, researchers have begun applying various…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Giordano d'Aloisio , Luca Traini , Federica Sarro , Antinisca Di Marco

The growing demand for machine learning applications in the context of the Internet of Things calls for new approaches to optimize the use of limited compute and memory resources. Despite significant progress that has been made w.r.t.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Karsten Schrödter , Jan Stenkamp , Nina Herrmann , Fabian Gieseke

Mixed Precision Quantization (MPQ) has become an essential technique for optimizing neural network by determining the optimal bitwidth per layer. Existing MPQ methods, however, face a major hurdle: they require a computationally expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lianbo Ma , Jianlun Ma , Yuee Zhou , Guoyang Xie , Qiang He , Zhichao Lu