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6G system is evolving toward full-spectrum coverage,ultra-wide bandwidth, and high mobility, resulting in increasingly complex propagation environments. The deep integration of communication and sensing is widely recognized as a core 6G…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xuejian Zhang , Ruisi He , Mi Yang , Zhengyu Zhang , Ziyi Qi

Remote Sensing Image-Text Retrieval (RSITR) is pivotal for knowledge services and data mining in the remote sensing (RS) domain. Considering the multi-scale representations in image content and text vocabulary can enable the models to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Rui Yang , Shuang Wang , Yingping Han , Yuanheng Li , Dong Zhao , Dou Quan , Yanhe Guo , Licheng Jiao

Building generalist embodied agents requires a unified system that can interpret multimodal goals, model environment dynamics, and execute reliable actions across diverse real-world tasks. Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yu-Wei Zhan , Xin Wang , Pengzhe Mao , Tongtong Feng , Ren Wang , Wenwu Zhu

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the taxonomy and evolution of multimodal foundation models that demonstrate vision and vision-language capabilities, focusing on the transition from specialist models to general-purpose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Chunyuan Li , Zhe Gan , Zhengyuan Yang , Jianwei Yang , Linjie Li , Lijuan Wang , Jianfeng Gao

The design and technology development of 6G-enabled networked intelligent systems needs an accurate real-time channel model as the cornerstone. However, with the new requirements of 6G-enabled networked intelligent systems, the conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Lu Bai , Zengrui Han , Xuesong Cai , Xiang Cheng

Recent advances in multimodal large language models(MLLMs) have led to remarkable progress in visual grounding, enabling fine-grained cross-modal alignment between textual queries and image regions. However, transferring such capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Peirong Zhang , Yidan Zhang , Luxiao Xu , Jinliang Lin , Zonghao Guo , Fengxiang Wang , Xue Yang , Kaiwen Wei , Lei Wang

The advances in remote sensing technologies have boosted applications for Earth observation. These technologies provide multiple observations or views with different levels of information. They might contain static or temporary views with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Francisco Mena , Diego Arenas , Marlon Nuske , Andreas Dengel

Multi-modal fusion is crucial for Internet of Things (IoT) perception, widely deployed in smart homes, intelligent transport, industrial automation, and healthcare. However, existing systems often face challenges: high model complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Weiqi Yang , Xu Zhou , Jingfu Guan , Hao Du , Tianyu Bai

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have shown generalization capabilities in robotic manipulation tasks by inheriting from vision-language models (VLMs) and learning action generation. Most VLA models focus on interpreting vision and…

Despite significant progress in Unified Multimodal Retrieval (UMR) powered by Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), existing embedding methods primarily focus on sample-level objectives via contrastive learning while overlooking the crucial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Guosheng Zhang , Linkai Liu , Keyao Wang , Haixiao Yue , Zhiwen Tan , Xiao Tan

Foundation models have achieved great advances in multi-task learning with a unified interface of unimodal and multimodal tasks. However, the potential of such multi-task learners has not been exploited during transfer learning. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Chengyue Wu , Teng Wang , Yixiao Ge , Zeyu Lu , Ruisong Zhou , Ying Shan , Ping Luo

The capacity-maximization design philosophy has driven the growth of wireless networks for decades. However, with the slowdown in recent data traffic demand, the mobile industry can no longer rely solely on communication services to sustain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Yuanhao Cui , Jiali Nie , Fan Liu , Weijie Yuan , Zhiyong Feng , Xiaojun Jing , Yulin Liu , Jie Xu , Christos Masouros , Shuguang Cui

Body-conduction microphone signals (BMS) bypass airborne sound, providing strong noise resistance. However, a complementary modality is required to compensate for the inherent loss of high-frequency information. In this study, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yunsik Kim , Yoonyoung Chung

Foundation models, often pre-trained with large-scale data, have achieved paramount success in jump-starting various vision and language applications. Recent advances further enable adapting foundation models in downstream tasks efficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Dequan Wang , Xiaosong Wang , Lilong Wang , Mengzhang Li , Qian Da , Xiaoqiang Liu , Xiangyu Gao , Jun Shen , Junjun He , Tian Shen , Qi Duan , Jie Zhao , Kang Li , Yu Qiao , Shaoting Zhang

Multimodal machine learning is a vibrant multi-disciplinary research field that aims to design computer agents with intelligent capabilities such as understanding, reasoning, and learning through integrating multiple communicative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Paul Pu Liang , Amir Zadeh , Louis-Philippe Morency

Foundation models like ChatGPT and Sora that are trained on a huge scale of data have made a revolutionary social impact. However, it is extremely challenging for sensors in many different fields to collect similar scales of natural images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Chenyang Lei , Liyi Chen , Jun Cen , Xiao Chen , Zhen Lei , Felix Heide , Qifeng Chen , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Forests are vital to ecosystems, supporting biodiversity and essential services, but are rapidly changing due to land use and climate change. Understanding and mitigating negative effects requires parsing data on forests at global scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Nikolaos Ioannis Bountos , Arthur Ouaknine , Ioannis Papoutsis , David Rolnick

Current limitations in wireless modeling and radio frequency (RF)-based AI are primarily driven by a lack of high-quality, measurement-based datasets that connect RF signals to their physical environments. RF heatmaps, the typical form of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Steve Blandino , Jelena Senic , Raied Caromi , Samuel Berweger , Anuraag Bodi , Camillo Gentile , Nada Golmie

Multimodal remote sensing image (MRSI) matching is pivotal for cross-modal fusion, localization, and object detection, but it faces severe challenges due to geometric, radiometric, and viewpoint discrepancies across imaging modalities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Peihao Wu , Yongxiang Yao , Wenfei Zhang , Dong Wei , Yi Wan , Yansheng Li , Yongjun Zhang

The significance of intelligent sensing systems is growing in the realm of smart services. These systems extract relevant signal features and generate informative representations for particular tasks. However, building the feature…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Tianjian Yang , Hao Zhou , Shuo Liu , Kaiwen Guo , Yiwen Hou , Haohua Du , Zhi Liu , Xiang-Yang Li