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Preference-based reinforcement learning (PBRL) offers a promising alternative to explicit reward engineering by learning from pairwise trajectory comparisons. However, real-world preference data often comes from heterogeneous annotators…
With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), natural language processing (NLP) has achieved remarkable progress. Nonetheless, significant challenges remain in handling texts with ambiguity, polysemy, or uncertainty. We…
Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as an important approach for learning from human preferences in aligning large language models (LLMs). However, collecting human preference data is costly and inefficient, motivating methods…
Inconsistency in prediction problems occurs when instances that relate in a certain way on condition attributes, do not follow the same relation on the decision attribute. For example, in ordinal classification with monotonicity…
Following the development of fuzzy logic theory by Lotfi Zadeh, its applications were investigated by researchers in different fields. Presenting and working with uncertain data is a complex problem. To solve for such a complex problem, the…
Rule-based models are essential for high-stakes decision-making due to their transparency and interpretability, but their discrete nature creates challenges for optimization and scalability. In this work, we present the Fuzzy Rule-based…
Pairwise comparison methods, such as Fuzzy Preference Relations and Saaty's Multiplicative Preference Relations, are widely used to model expert judgments in multi-criteria decision-making. However, their application is limited by the high…
Fuzzy constraints are a popular approach to handle preferences and over-constrained problems in scenarios where one needs to be cautious, such as in medical or space applications. We consider here fuzzy constraint problems where some of the…
Fuzzy regression models have been applied to several Operations Research applications viz., forecasting and prediction. Earlier works on fuzzy regression analysis obtain crisp regression coefficients for eliminating the problem of…
Assessing consistency in Pairwise Comparison Matrices (PCMs) within the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) poses significant challenges when using the traditional Consistency Ratio (CR) method. This study introduces a novel alternative that…
Fuzzy logic extends the classical truth values "true" and "false" with additional truth degrees in between. More specifically, fuzzy modal logics in this sense are given by a choice of fuzzy modalities and a fuzzy propositional base. It has…
The purpose of this paper is to point to the usefulness of applying a linear mathematical formulation of fuzzy multiple criteria objective decision methods in organising business activities. In this respect fuzzy parameters of linear…
Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become central to aligning large language models with human values, typically by first learning a reward model from preference data which is then used to update the model with…
Determining consumer preferences and utility is a foundational challenge in economics. They are central in determining consumer behaviour through the utility-maximising consumer decision-making process. However, preferences and utilities…
Non-negative Matrix Factorisation (NMF) has been extensively used in machine learning and data analytics applications. Most existing variations of NMF only consider how each row/column vector of factorised matrices should be shaped, and…
Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become central to aligning large language models with human values, typically by first learning a reward model from preference data which is then used to update the model with…
Preference-based reinforcement learning (RL) is a key paradigm for aligning policies with human judgments, yet its theoretical behavior in distributed settings where preference data are fragmented across heterogeneous users remains poorly…
The Fuzz programming language [Reed and Pierce, 2010] uses an elegant linear type system combined with a monad-like type to express and reason about probabilistic sensitivity properties, most notably $\epsilon$-differential privacy. We show…
In fuzzy decision-making processes based on linguistic information, operations on discrete fuzzy numbers are commonly performed. Aggregation and defuzzification operations are some of these often used operations. Many aggregation and…
Offline imitation learning (offline IL) enables training effective policies without requiring explicit reward annotations. Recent approaches attempt to estimate rewards for unlabeled datasets using a small set of expert demonstrations.…