English
Related papers

Related papers: Incentive Attacks in BTC: Short-Term Revenue Chang…

200 papers

Despite the popularity of Hashed Time-Locked Contracts (HTLCs) because of their use in wide areas of applications such as payment channels, atomic swaps, etc, their use in exchange is still questionable. This is because of its incentive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Nitin Awathare

Existing gradient-based jailbreak attacks typically optimize an adversarial suffix to induce a fixed affirmative response, e.g., ``Sure, here is...''. However, this fixed target usually resides in an extremely low-density region of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Kedong Xiu , Churui Zeng , Tianhang Zheng , Xinzhe Huang , Xiaojun Jia , Di Wang , Puning Zhao , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Transaction fees represent a major incentive in many blockchain systems as a way to incentivize processing transactions. Unfortunately, they also introduce an enormous amount of incentive asymmetry compared to alternatives like fixed block…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Michael Tang , Alex Zhang

Blockchain systems, such as Ethereum, use an approach called "metering" to assign a cost to smart contract execution, an approach which is designed to incentivise miners to operate the network and protect it against DoS attacks. In the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Daniel Perez , Benjamin Livshits

Blockchains face inherent limitations when communicating outside their own ecosystem, largely due to the Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) 3f+1 security model. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are a promising mitigation because they allow…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-06 Alex Shamis , Matt Stephenson , Linfeng Zhou

We study an auction with $m$ identical items in a context where $n$ agents can arbitrarily commit to strategies. In general, such commitments non-trivially change the equilibria by inducing a metagame of choosing which strategies to commit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Daji Landis , Nikolaj I. Schwartzbach

Stratum, the de-facto mining communication protocol used by blockchain based cryptocurrency systems, enables miners to reliably and efficiently fetch jobs from mining pool servers. In this paper we exploit Stratum's lack of encryption to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Ruben Recabarren , Bogdan Carbunar

The pool-hopping attack casts down the expected profits of both the mining pool and honest miners in Blockchain. The mainstream countermeasures, namely PPS (pay-per-share) and PPLNS (pay-per-last-N-share), can hedge pool hopping, but pose a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Hongwei Shi , Shengling Wang , Qin Hu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Junshan Zhang , Jiguo Yu

In the context of the `selfish-mine' strategy proposed by Eyal and Sirer, we study the effect of propagation delay on the evolution of the Bitcoin blockchain. First, we use a simplified Markov model that tracks the contrasting states of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Johannes Göbel , Paul Keeler , Anthony E. Krzesinski , Peter G. Taylor

Blockchains offer a decentralized and secure execution environment strong enough to host cryptocurrencies, but the state-replication model makes on-chain computation expensive. To avoid heavy on-chain workloads, systems like Truebit and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Suhyeon Lee , Dieu-Huyen Nguyen , Donghwan Lee

All public blockchains are secured by a proof of opportunity cost among block producers. For example, the security offered by proof-of-work (PoW) systems, like Bitcoin, is due to spent computation; it is work precisely because it cannot be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-27 George Bissias , Brian N. Levine , David Thibodeau

Stochastic multi-armed bandits form a class of online learning problems that have important applications in online recommendation systems, adaptive medical treatment, and many others. Even though potential attacks against these learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Fang Liu , Ness Shroff

In bandit settings, optimizing long-term regret metrics requires exploration, which corresponds to sometimes taking myopically sub-optimal actions. When a long-lived principal merely recommends actions to be executed by a sequence of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ramya Ramalingam , Osbert Bastani , Aaron Roth

Cryptoeconomic incentives in the form of blockchain-based tokens are seen as an enabler of the sharing economy that could shift society towards greater sustainability. Nevertheless, knowledge of the impact of these tokens on human sharing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Mark Christopher Ballandies

Mining blocks in a blockchain using the \textit{Proof-of-Work} consensus protocol involves significant risk, as network participants face continuous operational costs while earning infrequent capital gains upon successfully mining a block.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Pierre-Olivier Goffard , Hansjoerg Albrecher , Jean-Pierre Fouque

Bitcoin is firmly becoming a mainstream asset in our global society. Its highly volatile nature has traders and speculators flooding into the market to take advantage of its significant price swings in the hope of making money. This work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Nathan Crone , Eoin Brophy , Tomas Ward

We study best arm identification (BAI) in linear bandits in the fixed-budget regime under differential privacy constraints, when the arm rewards are supported on the unit interval. Given a finite budget $T$ and a privacy parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Zhirui Chen , P. N. Karthik , Yeow Meng Chee , Vincent Y. F. Tan

Proof-of-Work blockchain, despite its numerous benefits, is still not an entirely secure technology due to the existence of Selfish Mining (SM) strategies that can disrupt the system and its mining economy. While the effect of SM has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Tin Leelavimolsilp , Long Tran-Thanh , Sebastian Stein , Viet Hung Nguyen

Digital Asset Treasury (DAT) companies, public firms that hold large crypto reserves as a core strategy, deliver levered exposure to digital assets but face acute downside risk when equity premia over net asset value multiples (mNAV)…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-04 Hongzhe Wen

Blockchain is rapidly emerging as an important class of network application, with a unique set of trust, security and transparency properties. In a blockchain system, participants record and update the `server-side' state of an application…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yifan Mao , Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan