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In recent years, research in software security has concentrated on identifying vulnerabilities in smart contracts to prevent significant losses of crypto assets on blockchains. Despite early successes in this area, detecting developers'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Youwei Huang , Sen Fang , Jianwen Li , Jiachun Tao , Bin Hu , Tao Zhang

With the development of blockchain technology, the detection of smart contract vulnerabilities is increasingly emphasized. However, when detecting vulnerabilities in inter-contract interactions (i.e., cross-contract vulnerabilities) using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Xiao Chen

The past ten years have witnessed the rapid development of text-based intent detection, whose benchmark performances have already been taken to a remarkable level by deep learning techniques. However, automatic speech recognition (ASR)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Peilin Zhou , Dading Chong , Helin Wang , Qingcheng Zeng

Although Large language Model (LLM)-powered information extraction (IE) systems have shown impressive capabilities, current fine-tuning paradigms face two major limitations: high training costs and difficulties in aligning with LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yushen Fang , Jianjun Li , Mingqian Ding , Chang Liu , Xinchi Zou , Wenqi Yang

As blockchain technology and smart contracts become widely adopted, securing them throughout every stage of the transaction process is essential. The concern of improved security for smart contracts is to find and detect vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 S M Mostaq Hossain , Amani Altarawneh , Jesse Roberts

Recent years have seen an explosion of activity in Generative AI, specifically Large Language Models (LLMs), revolutionising applications across various fields. Smart contract vulnerability detection is no exception; as smart contracts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Peter Ince , Jiangshan Yu , Joseph K. Liu , Xiaoning Du

Database Management Systems (DBMSs) are vital components in modern data-driven systems. Their complexity often leads to logic bugs, which are implementation errors within the DBMSs that can lead to incorrect query results, data exposure,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jin Wei , Ping Chen , Kangjie Lu , Jun Dai , Xiaoyan Sun

Smart Contracts (SCs) handle transactions in the Ethereum blockchain worth millions of United States dollars, making them a lucrative target for attackers seeking to exploit vulnerabilities and steal funds. The Ethereum community has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Chavhan Sujeet Yashavant , MitrajSinh Chavda , Saurabh Kumar , Amey Karkare , Angshuman Karmakar

Ethereum smart contracts are an innovation built on top of the blockchain technology, which provides a platform for automatically executing contracts in an anonymous, distributed, and trusted way. The problem is magnified by the fact that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Jialiang Chang , Bo Gao , Hao Xiao , Jun Sun , Yan Cai , Zijiang Yang

Developers of smart contracts pervasively reuse subcontracts to improve development efficiency. Like any program language, such subcontract reuse may unexpectedly include, or introduce vulnerabilities to the end-point smart contract.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zeqin Liao , Yuhong Nan , Zixu Gao , Henglong Liang , Sicheng Hao , Jiajing Wu , Zibin Zheng

Symbolic analysis of security exploits in smart contracts has demonstrated to be valuable for analyzing predefined vulnerability properties. While some symbolic tools perform complex analysis steps, they require a predetermined invocation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Wesley Joon-Wie Tann , Xing Jie Han , Sourav Sen Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Legal case retrieval, which aims to find relevant cases for a query case, plays a core role in the intelligent legal system. Despite the success that pre-training has achieved in ad-hoc retrieval tasks, effective pre-training strategies for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Haitao Li , Qingyao Ai , Jia Chen , Qian Dong , Yueyue Wu , Yiqun Liu , Chong Chen , Qi Tian

Contract management involves reviewing and negotiating provisions, individual clauses that define rights, obligations, and terms of agreement. During this process, revisions to provisions are proposed and iteratively refined, some of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Kristi Topollai , Tolga Dimlioglu , Anna Choromanska , Simon Odie , Reginald Hui

Smart contracts are essential to decentralized finance (DeFi) and blockchain ecosystems but are increasingly vulnerable to exploits due to coding errors and complex attack vectors. Traditional static analysis tools and existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jun Kevin , Pujianto Yugopuspito

Autonomous systems increasingly receive time-sensitive contextual updates from humans through natural language, yet embedding language understanding inside decision-makers couples grounding to learning or planning. This increases…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Dimitris Panagopoulos , Adolfo Perrusquia , Weisi Guo

As blockchain technology continues to evolve, the security of smart contracts has increasingly drawn attention from both academia and industry. The Move language, with its unique resource model and linear type system, provides a solid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuhe Luo , Zhongwen Li , Xiaoqi Li

The disastrous vulnerabilities in smart contracts sharply remind us of our ignorance: we do not know how to write code that is secure in composition with malicious code. Information flow control has long been proposed as a way to achieve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Ethan Cecchetti , Siqiu Yao , Haobin Ni , Andrew C. Myers

In the growing field of blockchain technology, smart contracts exist as transformative digital agreements that execute transactions autonomously in decentralised networks. However, these contracts face challenges in the form of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Christopher De Baets , Basem Suleiman , Armin Chitizadeh , Imran Razzak

Smart-contract exploits have caused billions of USD in cumulative losses, yet audits remain expensive and slow. Automated tools have emerged to close this gap, but each class has a characteristic failure mode. Static analyzers report…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Gabriela Dobrita , Simona-Vasilica Oprea , Adela Bara

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly integrate native code interpreters, they enable powerful real-time execution capabilities, substantially expanding their utility. However, such integrations introduce potential system-level…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Gabriel Chua