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Auscultation is a vital diagnostic tool, yet its utility is often limited by subjective interpretation. While general-purpose Audio-Language Models (ALMs) excel in general domains, they struggle with the nuances of physiological signals. We…

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) integrate audio encoders with pretrained Large Language Models to perform complex multimodal reasoning tasks. While these models can generate Chain-of-Thought (CoT) explanations, the faithfulness of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pooneh Mousavi , Lovenya Jain , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan

Large audio-language models (LALMs) have achieved near-human performance in sentence-level transcription and emotion recognition. However, existing evaluations focus mainly on surface-level perception, leaving the capacity of models for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wanqi Yang , Yanda Li , Yunchao Wei , Meng Fang , Ling Chen

Grasping the concept of time is a fundamental facet of human cognition, indispensable for truly comprehending the intricacies of the world. Previous studies typically focus on specific aspects of time, lacking a comprehensive temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zheng Chu , Jingchang Chen , Qianglong Chen , Weijiang Yu , Haotian Wang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

Large audio language models (LALMs) are a class of foundation models for audio understanding. Existing LALMs tend to degrade significantly in real-world noisy acoustic conditions where speech and non-speech sounds interfere. While…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Han Yin , Yang Xiao , Younghoo Kwon , Ting Dang , Jung-Woo Choi

Conversational Spoken Language Models (SLMs) are emerging as a promising paradigm for real-time speech interaction. However, their capacity of temporal dynamics, including the ability to manage timing, tempo and simultaneous speaking,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Kai-Wei Chang , En-Pei Hu , Chun-Yi Kuan , Wenze Ren , Wei-Chih Chen , Guan-Ting Lin , Yu Tsao , Shao-Hua Sun , Hung-yi Lee , James Glass

We introduce MMAR, a new benchmark designed to evaluate the deep reasoning capabilities of Audio-Language Models (ALMs) across massive multi-disciplinary tasks. MMAR comprises 1,000 meticulously curated audio-question-answer triplets,…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized video-based computer vision applications, including action recognition, anomaly detection, and video summarization. Videos inherently pose unique challenges, combining spatial complexity with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xi Ding , Lei Wang

As audio-first agents become increasingly common in physical AI, conversational robots, and screenless wearables, audio large language models (audio-LLMs) must integrate speaker-specific understanding to support user authorization,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 KiHyun Nam , Jungwoo Heo , Siu Bae , Ha-Jin Yu , Joon Son Chung

Large audio-language models (LALMs) extend the large language models with multimodal understanding in speech, audio, etc. While their performances on speech and audio-processing tasks are extensively studied, their reasoning abilities…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo Ho , Yen-Ting Piao , Hung-yi Lee

Multi-modal language model has made advanced progress in vision and audio, but still faces significant challenges in dealing with complex reasoning tasks in the time series domain. The reasons are twofold. First, labels for multi-modal time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Haochuan Zhang , Chunhua Yang , Jie Han , Liyang Qin , Xiaoli Wang

Spatial audio reasoning enables machines to interpret auditory scenes by understanding events and their spatial attributes. In this work, we focus on spatial audio understanding with an emphasis on reasoning about moving sources. First, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Multimodal large language models can exhibit text dominance, over-relying on linguistic priors instead of grounding predictions in non-text inputs. One example is large audio-language models (LALMs) where decisive audio evidence can be…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Neta Glazer , Lenny Aharon , Ethan Fetaya

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are a major focus of recent AI research. However, most prior work focuses on static image understanding, while their ability to process sequential audio-video data remains underexplored. This gap…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ahmed Y. Radwan , Christos Emmanouilidis , Hina Tabassum , Deval Pandya , Shaina Raza

Leveraging Large Language Models' remarkable proficiency in text-based tasks, recent works on Multi-modal LLMs (MLLMs) extend them to other modalities like vision and audio. However, the progress in these directions has been mostly focused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Sanjoy Chowdhury , Sayan Nag , Subhrajyoti Dasgupta , Jun Chen , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Ruohan Gao , Dinesh Manocha

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in speech and music. This tendency has led to a focus on audio tokenization for Large Models (LMs). Unlike semantic-only text tokens, audio tokens must both capture global…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Lu Wang , Hao Chen , Siyu Wu , Zhiyue Wu , Hao Zhou , Chengfeng Zhang , Ting Wang , Haodi Zhang

Audio-Visual Large Language Models (AVLLMs) are emerging as unified interfaces to multimodal perception. We present the first mechanistic interpretability study of AVLLMs, analyzing how audio and visual features evolve and fuse through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ramaneswaran Selvakumar , Kaousheik Jayakumar , S Sakshi , Sreyan Ghosh , Ruohan Gao , Dinesh Manocha

Joint audio-visual reasoning is essential for omnimodal understanding, yet current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) still struggle when reasoning requires fine-grained evidence from both modalities. A central limitation is that…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in time series modeling tasks, but do they truly understand time series data? While multiple benchmarks have been proposed to answer this fundamental question, most are manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Malgorzata Gwiazda , Yifu Cai , Mononito Goswami , Arjun Choudhry , Artur Dubrawski

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs), where pretrained text LLMs are finetuned with audio input, have made remarkable progress in music understanding. However, current evaluation methodologies exhibit critical limitations: on the leading…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yongyi Zang , Sean O'Brien , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Julian McAuley , Zachary Novack
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