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Background and Objective: The electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of various cardiac diseases. ECG signals suffer from low-resolution (LR) due to the use of convenient acquisition devices, as well as…

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is a common, non-invasive test that measures the electrical activity of a patient's heart. EKGs contain useful diagnostic information about patient health that may be absent from other electronic health record…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 Andrew C. Miller , Ziad Obermeyer , David M. Blei , John P. Cunningham , Sendhil Mullainathan

In real-world clinical practice, electrocardiograms (ECGs) are often captured and shared as photographs. However, publicly available ECG data, and thus most related research, relies on digital signals. This has led to a disconnect in which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Xiaoyu Wang , Ramesh Nadarajah , Zhiqiang Zhang , David Wong

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the most effective sources of information mainly employed for the diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) connected with the abnormalities in heart rhythm. Clearly, single modality…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-13 Thinh Phan , Duc Le , Patel Brijesh , Donald Adjeroh , Jingxian Wu , Morten Olgaard Jensen , Ngan Le

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis plays a vital role in the early detection, monitoring, and management of various cardiovascular conditions. While existing models have achieved notable success in ECG interpretation, they fail to leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yuhao Xu , Xiaoda Wang , Jiaying Lu , Sirui Ding , Defu Cao , Huaxiu Yao , Yan Liu , Xiao Hu , Carl Yang

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) have shown unique patterns to distinguish between different subjects and present important advantages compared to other biometric traits, such as difficulty to counterfeit, liveness detection, and ubiquity. Also,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Pietro Melzi , Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac pathologies and is a fundamental pillar of cardiovascular medicine. Recent progress in deep learning has led to the development of robust automated…

Early recognition of abnormal rhythms in ECG signals is crucial for monitoring and diagnosing patients' cardiac conditions, increasing the success rate of the treatment. Classifying abnormal rhythms into exact categories is very challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Jing Zhang , Jing Tian , Yang Cao , Yuxiang Yang , Xiaobin Xu

The industry of wearable remote health monitoring system keeps growing. In the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, Electrocardiography~(ECG) waveform is one of the major tools which is thus widely taken as the monitoring objective. For the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Pengda Huang

In this work, we propose a denoising diffusion generative model (DDGM) trained with healthy electrocardiogram (ECG) data that focuses on ECG morphology and inter-lead dependence. Our results show that this innovative generative model can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-12 Gabriel V. Cardoso , Lisa Bedin , Josselin Duchateau , Rémi Dubois , Eric Moulines

Electrocardiogram (ECG) detection and delineation are key steps for numerous tasks in clinical practice, as ECG is the most performed non-invasive test for assessing cardiac condition. State-of-the-art algorithms employ digital signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Guillermo Jimenez-Perez , Alejandro Alcaine , Oscar Camara

Electrocardiography (ECG) plays a central role in cardiovascular diagnostics, yet existing automated approaches often struggle to generalize across clinical tasks and offer limited support for open-ended reasoning. We present HeartLLM, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jinning Yang , Wenjie Sun , Wen Shi

A language is constructed of a finite/infinite set of sentences composing of words. Similar to natural languages, Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, the most common noninvasive tool to study the functionality of the heart and diagnose several…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-17 Sajad Mousavi , Fatemeh Afghah , Fatemeh Khadem , U. Rajendra Acharya

Processing temporal sequences is central to a variety of applications in health care, and in particular multi-channel Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a highly prevalent diagnostic modality that relies on robust sequence modeling. While Recurrent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-17 Deepta Rajan , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

The classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, which takes much time and suffers from a high rate of misjudgment, is recognized as an extremely challenging task for cardiologists. The major difficulty of the ECG signals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Haozhen Zhang , Wei Zhao , Shuang Liu

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, profiling the electrical activities of the heart, are used for a plethora of diagnostic applications. However, ECG systems require multiple leads or channels of signals to capture the complete view of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Nabil Ibtehaz , Masood Mortazavi

The diagnostic value of electrocardiogram (ECG) lies in its dynamic characteristics, ranging from rhythm fluctuations to subtle waveform deformations that evolve across time and frequency domains. However, supervised ECG models tend to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 He-Yang Xu , Hongxiang Gao , Yuwen Li , Xiu-Shen Wei , Chengyu Liu

Cardiovascular disease is a major life-threatening condition that is commonly monitored using electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. However, these signals are often contaminated by various types of noise at different intensities, significantly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-17 Ding Zhu , Vishnu Kabir Chhabra , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili

Data scarcity in the brain-computer interface field can be alleviated through the use of generative models, specifically diffusion models. While diffusion models have previously been successfully applied to electroencephalogram (EEG) data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Guido Klein , Pierre Guetschel , Gianluigi Silvestri , Michael Tangermann

Recent advances have increasingly applied large language models (LLMs) to electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation, giving rise to Electrocardiogram-Language Models (ELMs). Conditioned on an ECG and a textual query, an ELM autoregressively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 William Han , Chaojing Duan , Zhepeng Cen , Yihang Yao , Xiaoyu Song , Atharva Mhaskar , Dylan Leong , Michael A. Rosenberg , Emerson Liu , Ding Zhao
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