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Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful class of generative models for molecular design, capable of capturing complex structural distributions and achieving high fidelity in 3D molecule generation. However, their widespread use remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Adrita Das , Peiran Jiang , Dantong Zhu , Barnabas Poczos , Jose Lugo-Martinez

Prevailing Dataset Distillation (DD) methods leveraging generative models confront two fundamental limitations. First, despite pioneering the use of diffusion models in DD and delivering impressive performance, the vast majority of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Letian Zhou , Songhua Liu , Xinchao Wang

Topology optimization enables the automated design of efficient structures by optimally distributing material within a defined domain. However, traditional gradient-based methods often scale poorly with increasing resolution and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Aaron Lutheran , Srijan Das , Alireza Tabarraei

In recent years traditional numerical methods for accurate weather prediction have been increasingly challenged by deep learning methods. Numerous historical datasets used for short and medium-range weather forecasts are typically organized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Andrea Asperti , Fabio Merizzi , Alberto Paparella , Giorgio Pedrazzi , Matteo Angelinelli , Stefano Colamonaco

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for molecular generation, particularly in the context of 3D molecular structures. Inspired by non-equilibrium statistical physics, these models can generate 3D molecular structures with…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Amira Alakhdar , Barnabas Poczos , Newell Washburn

Deep generative models have emerged as a powerful tool for learning useful molecular representations and designing novel molecules with desired properties, with applications in drug discovery and material design. However, most existing deep…

Generative modeling within constrained sets is essential for scientific and engineering applications involving physical, geometric, or safety requirements (e.g., molecular generation, robotics). We present a unified framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kijung Jeon , Michael Muehlebach , Molei Tao

Diffusion models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in generating high-fidelity images but typically suffer from inefficient sampling. Many solver designs and noise scheduling strategies have been proposed to dramatically improve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-01 Tianrong Chen , Huangjie Zheng , David Berthelot , Jiatao Gu , Josh Susskind , Shuangfei Zhai

The paradigm shift toward structure-driven molecule generation has been propelled by advances in deep generative models, such as variational auto-encoders and diffusion models. However, these generative models for molecular design remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Peidong Liu , Wenbo Zhang , Wei Ju , Jiancheng Lv , Xianggen Liu

Diffusion models have significantly advanced generative AI, but they encounter difficulties when generating complex combinations of multiple objects. As the final result heavily depends on the initial seed, accurately ensuring the desired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Federico Betti , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara , Nicu Sebe

Standard Latent Diffusion Models rely on a complex, three-part architecture consisting of a separate encoder, decoder, and diffusion network, which are trained in multiple stages. This modular design is computationally inefficient, leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xiyuan Wang , Muhan Zhang

The emergence of diffusion models has significantly advanced generative AI, improving the quality, realism, and creativity of image and video generation. Among them, Stable Diffusion (StableDiff) stands out as a key model for text-to-image…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhican Wang , Guanghui He , Hongxiang Fan

We propose a novel point cloud U-Net diffusion architecture for 3D generative modeling capable of generating high-quality and diverse 3D shapes while maintaining fast generation times. Our network employs a dual-branch architecture,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Ioannis Romanelis , Vlassios Fotis , Athanasios Kalogeras , Christos Alexakos , Konstantinos Moustakas , Adrian Munteanu

Machine learning models struggle with generalization when encountering out-of-distribution (OOD) samples with unexpected distribution shifts. For vision tasks, recent studies have shown that test-time adaptation employing diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yun-Yun Tsai , Fu-Chen Chen , Albert Y. C. Chen , Junfeng Yang , Che-Chun Su , Min Sun , Cheng-Hao Kuo

Urban wind flow reconstruction is essential for assessing air quality, heat dispersion, and pedestrian comfort, yet remains challenging when only sparse sensor data are available. We propose GenDA, a generative data assimilation framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Francisco Giral , Álvaro Manzano , Ignacio Gómez , Ricardo Vinuesa , Soledad Le Clainche

Constructing a compressed latent space through a variational autoencoder (VAE) is the key for efficient 3D diffusion models. This paper introduces COD-VAE that encodes 3D shapes into a COmpact set of 1D latent vectors without sacrificing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 In Cho , Youngbeom Yoo , Subin Jeon , Seon Joo Kim

Equivocal 3D lesion segmentation exhibits high inter-observer variability. Conventional deterministic models ignore this aleatoric uncertainty, producing over-confident masks that obscure clinical risks. Conversely, while generative methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Chao Wu , Kangxian Xie , Mingchen Gao

Latent diffusion models have enabled high-quality video synthesis, yet their inference remains costly and time-consuming. As diffusion transformers become increasingly efficient, the latency bottleneck inevitably shifts to VAE decoders. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lunjie Zhu , Yushi Huang , Xingtong Ge , Yufei Xue , Zhening Liu , Yumeng Zhang , Zehong Lin , Jun Zhang

De novo 3D molecule generation is a pivotal task in drug discovery. However, many recent geometric generative models struggle to produce high-quality 3D structures, even if they maintain 2D validity and topological stability. To tackle this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Danny Reidenbach , Filipp Nikitin , Olexandr Isayev , Saee Paliwal

Molecular structure generation is a fundamental problem that involves determining the 3D positions of molecules' constituents. It has crucial biological applications, such as molecular docking, protein folding, and molecular design. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenyin Zhou , Christopher Iliffe Sprague , Vsevolod Viliuga , Matteo Tadiello , Arne Elofsson , Hossein Azizpour