Related papers: Enhancing Rare Codes via Probability-Biased Direct…
Codification of free-text clinical narratives have long been recognised to be beneficial for secondary uses such as funding, insurance claim processing and research. The current scenario of assigning codes is a manual process which is very…
Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a framework for weakly supervised classification, where labels are assigned to sets of instances, i.e., bags, rather than to individual data points. This paradigm has proven effective in tasks where…
Unlike common cancers, such as those of the prostate and breast, tumor grading in rare cancers is difficult and largely undefined because of small sample sizes, the sheer volume of time needed to undertake on such a task, and the inherent…
Modern image classifiers perform well on populated classes, while degrading considerably on tail classes with only a few instances. Humans, by contrast, effortlessly handle the long-tailed recognition challenge, since they can learn the…
Real-world data universally confronts a severe class-imbalance problem and exhibits a long-tailed distribution, i.e., most labels are associated with limited instances. The na\"ive models supervised by such datasets would prefer dominant…
There are several opportunities for automation in healthcare that can improve clinician throughput. One such example is assistive tools to document diagnosis codes when clinicians write notes. We study the automation of medical code…
We suggest an enhancement to structural coding through the use of (a) causally bound codes, (b) basic constructs of graph theory and (c) statistics. As is the norm with structural coding, the codes are collected into categories. The…
Medical coding translates clinical documentation into standardized codes for billing, research, and public health, but manual coding is time-consuming and error-prone. Existing automation efforts rely on small datasets that poorly represent…
Automated white blood cell (WBC) classification is essential for leukemia screening but remains challenged by extreme class imbalance, long-tail distributions, and domain shift, leading deep models to overfit dominant classes and fail on…
Long-tailed instance segmentation is a challenging task due to the extreme imbalance of training samples among classes. It causes severe biases of the head classes (with majority samples) against the tailed ones. This renders "how to…
Availability of diagnostic codes in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) is crucial for patient care as well as reimbursement purposes. However, entering them in the EHR is tedious, and some clinical codes may be overlooked. Given an…
Today, scene graph generation(SGG) task is largely limited in realistic scenarios, mainly due to the extremely long-tailed bias of predicate annotation distribution. Thus, tackling the class imbalance trouble of SGG is critical and…
In prefix coding over an infinite alphabet, methods that consider specific distributions generally consider those that decline more quickly than a power law (e.g., Golomb coding). Particular power-law distributions, however, model many…
ICD coding is the process of mapping unstructured text from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to standardised codes defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system. In order to promote trust and transparency, existing…
Due to the difficulty of cancer samples collection and annotation, cervical cancer datasets usually exhibit a long-tailed data distribution. When training a detector to detect the cancer cells in a WSI (Whole Slice Image) image captured…
Predictive coding (PC) is a general theory of cortical function. The local, gradient-based learning rules found in one kind of PC model have recently been shown to closely approximate backpropagation. This finding suggests that this…
Clinical Text Notes (CTNs) contain physicians' reasoning process, written in an unstructured free text format, as they examine and interview patients. In recent years, several studies have been published that provide evidence for the…
The attributable fraction among the exposed (\textbf{AF}$_e$), also known as the attributable risk or excess fraction among the exposed, is the proportion of disease cases among the exposed that could be avoided by eliminating the exposure.…
Imbalanced datasets pose a considerable challenge in training deep learning (DL) models for medical diagnostics, particularly for segmentation tasks. Imbalance may be associated with annotation quality limited annotated datasets, rare…
Objectives: Administrative data is commonly used to inform chronic disease prevalence and support health informatics research. This study assessed the validity of coding comorbidity in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th…