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Due to the ever-growing demands for electronic chips in different sectors the semiconductor companies have been mandated to offshore their manufacturing processes. This unwanted matter has made security and trustworthiness of their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Md Mahfuz Al Hasan , Mohammad Tahsin Mostafiz , Thomas An Le , Jake Julia , Nidish Vashistha , Shayan Taheri , Navid Asadizanjani

The threat of inserting hardware Trojans during the design, production, or in-field poses a danger for integrated circuits in real-world applications. A particular critical case of hardware Trojans is the malicious manipulation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Maik Ender , Pawel Swierczynski , Sebastian Wallat , Matthias Wilhelm , Paul Martin Knopp , Christof Paar

This paper reports a novel approach that uses transistor aging in an integrated circuit (IC) to detect hardware Trojans. When a transistor is aged, it results in delays along several paths of the IC. This increase in delay results in timing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Virinchi Roy Surabhi , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Hussam Amrouch , Kanad Basu , Jörg Henkel , Ramesh Karri , Farshad Khorrami

In this paper, we take a deep dive into microarchitectural security from a hardware designer's perspective by reviewing the existing approaches to detect hardware vulnerabilities during the design phase. We show that a protection gap…

Deep neural networks are known to have security issues. One particular threat is the Trojan attack. It occurs when the attackers stealthily manipulate the model's behavior through Trojaned training samples, which can later be exploited.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Songzhu Zheng , Yikai Zhang , Hubert Wagner , Mayank Goswami , Chao Chen

Increasing design complexity and reduced time-to-market have motivated manufacturers to outsource some parts of the System-on-Chip (SoC) design flow to third-party vendors. This provides an opportunity for attackers to introduce hardware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra

Trojans are one of the most threatening network attacks currently. HTTP-based Trojan, in particular, accounts for a considerable proportion of them. Moreover, as the network environment becomes more complex, HTTP-based Trojan is more…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jiang Xie , Shuhao Li , Yongzheng Zhang , Xiaochun Yun , Jia Li

The use of third-party IP cores in implementing applications in FPGAs has given rise to the threat of malicious alterations through the insertion of hardware Trojans. To address this threat, it is important to predict the way hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Ash Luft , Mihai Sima , Michael McGuire

Outsourcing integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing to offshore foundries has grown exponentially in recent years. Given the critical role of ICs in the control and operation of vehicular systems and other modern engineering designs, such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Walid Saad , Anibal Sanjab , Yunpeng Wang , Charles Kamhoua , Kevin Kwiat

Ensuring predictability in modern real-time Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) is an increasingly critical concern for many application domains such as automotive, robotics, and industrial automation. An effective approach involves the modeling and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Luca Valente , Francesco Restuccia , Davide Rossi , Ryan Kastner , Luca Benini

Fabrication-less design houses outsource their designs to 3rd party foundries to lower fabrication cost. However, this creates opportunities for a rogue in the foundry to introduce hardware Trojans, which stay inactive most of the time and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Xiaotong Cui , Samah Saeed , Alwin Zulehner , Robert Wille , Rolf Drechsler , Kaijie Wu , Ramesh Karri

Virtual Prototypes act as an executable specification model, offering a unified behavior reference model for SW and HW engineers. However, between the VP and the HW still exists a gap, as the step from an architectural level VP…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Sallar Ahmadi-Pour , Pascal Pieper , Rolf Drechsler

Thermal Trojan attacks present a pressing concern for the security and reliability of System-on-Chips (SoCs), especially in mobile applications. The situation becomes more complicated when such attacks are more evasive and operate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Mehdi Elahi , Mohamed R. Elshamy , Abdel-Hameed Badawy , Ahmad Patooghy

Hardware security has risen in prominence in recent years with concerns stemming from a globalizing semiconductor supply chain and increased third-party IP (intellectual property) usage. Trojan detection is of paramount importance for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Dillon Staub , Rashmi Jha , David Kapp

Future industrial networks will consist of a complex mixture of new and legacy components, while new use cases and applications envisioned by Industry 4.0 will demand increased flexibility and dynamics from these networks. Industrial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Tim Lackorzynski , Max Ostermann , Stefan Köpsell , Hermann Härtig

We introduce a new class of hardware trojans called interrupt-resilient trojans (IRTs). Our work is motivated by the observation that hardware trojan attacks on CPUs, even under favorable attack scenarios (e.g., an attacker with local…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Athanasios Moschos , Fabian Monrose , Angelos D. Keromytis

Attributed Graph Clustering (AGC) is a fundamental unsupervised task that integrates structural topology and node attributes to uncover latent patterns in graph-structured data. Despite its significance in industrial applications such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yunhui Liu , Pengyu Qiu , Yu Xing , Yongchao Liu , Peng Du , Chuntao Hong , Jiajun Zheng , Tao Zheng , Tieke He

Side-channel analysis has been proven effective at detecting hardware Trojans in integrated circuits (ICs). However, most detection techniques rely on large external probes and antennas for data collection and require a long measurement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hanqiu Wang , Max Panoff , Zihao Zhan , Shuo Wang , Christophe Bobda , Domenic Forte

Due to the globalization of semiconductor manufacturing and test processes, the system-on-a-chip (SoC) designers no longer design the complete SoC and manufacture chips on their own. This outsourcing of the design and manufacturing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Ayush Jain , Ziqi Zhou , Ujjwal Guin

The time-to-market pressure and continuous growing complexity of hardware designs have promoted the globalization of the Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain. However, such globalization also poses various security threats in each phase of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Shih-Yuan Yu , Rozhin Yasaei , Qingrong Zhou , Tommy Nguyen , Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque