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For anomaly detection (AD), early approaches often train separate models for individual classes, yielding high performance but posing challenges in scalability and resource management. Recent efforts have shifted toward training a single…

Multimodal representation learning, exemplified by multimodal contrastive learning (MMCL) using image-text pairs, aims to learn powerful representations by aligning cues across modalities. This approach relies on the core assumption that…

Complementary-label learning (CLL) is a weakly supervised paradigm where instances are labeled with classes they do not belong to. Despite a decade of research, CLL methods remain competitive mainly on 10-class classification, with scaling…

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) aims to identify nodes from a graph that are significantly different from normal patterns. Most previous studies are model-driven, focusing on enhancing the detection effect by improving the model structure.…

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities and can quickly adapt to downstream tasks through prompt fine-tuning. Unfortunately, in classification tasks involving non-training…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive few-shot generalization on many tasks via in-context learning (ICL). Despite their success in showing such emergent abilities, the scale and complexity of larger models also lead to…

A complementary label (CL) simply indicates an incorrect class of an example, but learning with CLs results in multi-class classifiers that can predict the correct class. Unfortunately, the problem setting only allows a single CL for each…

Conventional detectors suffer from performance degradation when dealing with long-tailed data due to a classification bias towards the majority head categories. In this paper, we contend that the learning bias originates from two factors:…

This paper focuses on a novel and challenging detection scenario: A majority of true objects/instances is unlabeled in the datasets, so these missing-labeled areas will be regarded as the background during training. Previous art on this…

Although large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, they are prone to hallucinations in multi-image tasks. We attribute this issue to limitations in existing attention mechanisms and insufficient…

Learning a deep model from small data is yet an opening and challenging problem. We focus on one-shot classification by deep learning approach based on a small quantity of training samples. We proposed a novel deep learning approach named…

This paper introduces a novel Multi-Agent Cooperative Learning (MACL) framework to address cross-modal alignment collapse in vision-language models when handling out-of-distribution (OOD) concepts. Four core agents, including image, text,…

As instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) evolve, aligning pretrained foundation models presents increasing challenges. Existing alignment strategies, which typically leverage diverse and high-quality data sources, often overlook…

Accurate uncertainty quantification is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models, and prior research has demonstrated improvements in the calibration of modern language models (LMs). We study in-context learning (ICL), a…

In ordinal classification, misclassifying neighboring ranks is common, yet the consequences of these errors are not the same. For example, misclassifying benign tumor categories is less consequential, compared to an error at the…

Semi-supervised learning has become increasingly popular in medical image segmentation due to its ability to leverage large amounts of unlabeled data to extract additional information. However, most existing semi-supervised segmentation…

The goal of meta-learning is to learn to adapt to a new task with only a few labeled examples. To tackle this problem in NLP, we propose $\textit{in-context tuning}$, which recasts adaptation and prediction as a simple sequence prediction…

Supervised contrastive learning (SCL) frameworks treat each class as independent and thus consider all classes to be equally important. This neglects the common scenario in which label hierarchy exists, where fine-grained classes under the…

Solving multi-label recognition (MLR) for images in the low-label regime is a challenging task with many real-world applications. Recent work learns an alignment between textual and visual spaces to compensate for insufficient image labels,…

In-Context Learning (ICL) allows Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks with just a few examples, but their predictions often suffer from systematic biases, leading to unstable performance in classification. While calibration…