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Open multi-agent systems are increasingly important in modeling real-world applications, such as smart grids, swarm robotics, etc. In this paper, we aim to investigate a recently proposed problem for open multi-agent systems, referred to as…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jianhong Wang , Yang Li , Samuel Kaski , Jonathan Lawry

Credit assignment, the process of attributing credit or blame to individual agents for their contributions to a team's success or failure, remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), particularly in…

Recent developments in multi-agent imitation learning have shown promising results for modeling the behavior of human drivers. However, it is challenging to capture emergent traffic behaviors that are observed in real-world datasets. Such…

We study the problem of online multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in environments with sparse rewards, where reward feedback is not provided at each interaction but only revealed at the end of a trajectory. This setting, though…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 The Viet Bui , Tien Mai , Hong Thanh Nguyen

Traditional multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms, such as independent Q-learning, struggle when presented with partially observable scenarios, and where agents are required to develop delicate action sequences. This is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-21 F. Bredell , H. A. Engelbrecht , J. C. Schoeman

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a powerfulparadigm for cooperative decision-making in connected autonomous vehicles(CAVs); however, existing approaches often fail to guarantee stability, optimality,and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Mazyar Taghavi , Javad Vahidi

A quantitative assessment of the global importance of an agent in a team is as valuable as gold for strategists, decision-makers, and sports coaches. Yet, retrieving this information is not trivial since in a cooperative task it is hard to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Giorgio Angelotti , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARl) has achieved strong results in cooperative tasks but typically assumes fixed, fully controlled teams. Ad hoc teamwork (AHT) relaxes this by allowing collaboration with unknown partners, yet existing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Beiwen Zhang , Yongheng Liang , Hejun Wu

We discuss the problem of decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in this work. In our setting, the global state, action, and reward are assumed to be fully observable, while the local policy is protected as privacy by each…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Kuo Li , Qing-Shan Jia

Multi-agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) has recently demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on challenging multi-agent reinforcement learning tasks. However, MAPPO still struggles with the credit assignment problem, wherein the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Aditya Kapoor , Benjamin Freed , Howie Choset , Jeff Schneider

To reliably deploy Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) systems, it is crucial to understand individual agent behaviors. While prior work typically evaluates overall team performance based on explicit reward signals, it is unclear how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ardian Selmonaj , Miroslav Strupl , Oleg Szehr , Alessandro Antonucci

In a multi-agent system (MAS), action semantics indicates the different influences of agents' actions toward other entities, and can be used to divide agents into groups in a physically heterogeneous MAS. Previous multi-agent reinforcement…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Xiaoyang Yu , Youfang Lin , Shuo Wang , Kai Lv , Sheng Han

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) faces two critical bottlenecks distinct from single-agent RL: credit assignment in cooperative tasks and partial observability of environmental states. We propose LERO, a framework integrating Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Yuan Wei , Xiaohan Shan , Jianmin Li

Exploration efficiency is a challenging problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), as the policy learned by confederate MARL depends on the collaborative approach among multiple agents. Another important problem is the less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Qisheng Wang , Qichao Wang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) requires coordinated and stable policy updates among interacting agents. Heterogeneous-Agent Trust Region Policy Optimization (HATRPO) enforces per-agent trust region constraints using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Chak Lam Shek , Guangyao Shi , Pratap Tokekar

Cooperative multi-robot tasks can benefit from heterogeneity in the robots' physical and behavioral traits. In spite of this, traditional Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) frameworks lack the ability to explicitly accommodate policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Matteo Bettini , Ajay Shankar , Amanda Prorok

In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to enhancing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) through the integration of domain knowledge and attention-based policy mechanisms. Our methodology focuses on the incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Andre R Kuroswiski , Annie S Wu , Angelo Passaro

Cooperation is fundamental in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often requiring agents to balance individual gains with collective rewards. In this regard, this paper aims to investigate strategies to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vaigarai Sathi , Sabahat Shaik , Jaswanth Nidamanuri

Training for multi-agent reinforcement learning(MARL) is a time-consuming process caused by distribution shift of each agent. One drawback is that strategy of each agent in MARL is independent but actually in cooperation. Thus, a vertical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Ke Zhang , DanDan Zhu , Qiuhan Xu , Hao Zhou , Ce Zheng

The primary objective of Multi-Agent Pathfinding (MAPF) is to plan efficient and conflict-free paths for all agents. Traditional multi-agent path planning algorithms struggle to achieve efficient distributed path planning for multiple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Zhenyu Song , Ronghao Zheng , Senlin Zhang , Meiqin Liu