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Computer-Use Agents (CUA) are becoming increasingly capable of autonomously operating digital environments through Graphical User Interfaces (GUI). Yet, most GUI remain designed primarily for humans--prioritizing aesthetics and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Kevin Qinghong Lin , Siyuan Hu , Linjie Li , Zhengyuan Yang , Lijuan Wang , Philip Torr , Mike Zheng Shou

Graphical User Interface (GUI) automation holds significant promise for assisting users with complex tasks, thereby boosting human productivity. Existing works leveraging Large Language Model (LLM) or LLM-based AI agents have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Difei Gao , Lei Ji , Zechen Bai , Mingyu Ouyang , Peiran Li , Dongxing Mao , Qinchen Wu , Weichen Zhang , Peiyi Wang , Xiangwu Guo , Hengxu Wang , Luowei Zhou , Mike Zheng Shou

Computer-use agents (CUAs) hold promise for automating everyday digital tasks, but their performance on long-horizon, complex problems remains unreliable. Single-rollout execution is brittle, with small errors compounding over time and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Gonzalo Gonzalez-Pumariega , Vincent Tu , Chih-Lun Lee , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has driven significant advances in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agent capabilities. Nevertheless, existing GUI agent training and inference techniques still suffer from a dilemma…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Shuquan Lian , Yuhang Wu , Jia Ma , Yifan Ding , Zihan Song , Bingqi Chen , Xiawu Zheng , Hui Li , Rongrong Ji

General-purpose computer-use agents have shown impressive performance across diverse digital environments. However, our new benchmark, OSExpert-Eval, indicates they remain far less helpful than human experts. Although inference-time scaling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiateng Liu , Zhenhailong Wang , Rushi Wang , Bingxuan Li , Jeonghwan Kim , Aditi Tiwari , Pengfei Yu , Denghui Zhang , Heng Ji

This paper presents MagicGUI, a foundational mobile GUI agent designed to address critical challenges in perception, grounding, and reasoning within real-world mobile GUI environments. The framework is underpinned by following six key…

Personalized mobile agents that infer user preferences and calibrate proactive assistance hold great promise as everyday digital assistants, yet existing benchmarks fail to capture what this requires. Prior work evaluates preference…

Autonomous agents that accomplish complex computer tasks with minimal human interventions have the potential to transform human-computer interaction, significantly enhancing accessibility and productivity. However, existing benchmarks…

This work presents a simple yet effective workflow for automatically scaling instruction-following data to elicit pixel-level grounding capabilities of VLMs under complex instructions. In particular, we address five critical real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yongshuo Zong , Qin Zhang , Dongsheng An , Zhihua Li , Xiang Xu , Linghan Xu , Zhuowen Tu , Yifan Xing , Onkar Dabeer

The capabilities of AI-assisted coding are progressing at breakneck speed. Chat-based vibe coding has evolved into fully fledged AI-assisted, agentic software development using agent scaffolds where the human developer creates a plan that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Magnus Palmblad , Jared M. Ragland , Benjamin A. Neely

Allowing humans to interactively train artificial agents to understand language instructions is desirable for both practical and scientific reasons, but given the poor data efficiency of the current learning methods, this goal may require…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert , Dzmitry Bahdanau , Salem Lahlou , Lucas Willems , Chitwan Saharia , Thien Huu Nguyen , Yoshua Bengio

Autonomous agents that control computer interfaces to accomplish human tasks are emerging. Leveraging LLMs to power such agents has been of special interest, but unless fine-tuned on human-collected task demonstrations, performance is still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Wei Li , William Bishop , Alice Li , Chris Rawles , Folawiyo Campbell-Ajala , Divya Tyamagundlu , Oriana Riva

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have revolutionized GUI automation, yet their efficacy is largely established on idealized, single-layer interfaces. This paper identifies a critical reliability gap: state-of-the-art agents face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haoren Zhao , Tianyi Chen , Zhen Wang

We present AIOS 1.0, a novel platform designed to advance computer-use agent (CUA) capabilities through environmental contextualization. While existing approaches primarily focus on building more powerful agent frameworks or enhancing agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Kai Mei , Xi Zhu , Hang Gao , Shuhang Lin , Yongfeng Zhang

Computer Use Agents (CUAs) are designed to autonomously operate digital interfaces, yet they often fail to reliably determine whether a given task has been completed. We present an autonomous evaluation and feedback framework that uses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Marta Sumyk , Oleksandr Kosovan

End-to-end GUI agents for real desktop environments require large amounts of high-quality interaction data, yet collecting human demonstrations is expensive and existing synthetic pipelines often suffer from limited task diversity or noisy,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jinbiao Wei , Yilun Zhao , Kangqi Ni , Arman Cohan

GUI grounding aims to align natural language instructions with precise regions in complex user interfaces. Advanced multimodal large language models show strong ability in visual GUI grounding but still struggle with small or visually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Aiden Yiliu Li , Bizhi Yu , Daoan Lei , Tianhe Ren , Shilong Liu

The pursuit of diverse, complex, and large-scale instruction data is crucial for automatically aligning large language models (LLMs). While there are methods capable of generating synthetic instructions at scale, they either suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chiwei Zhu , Benfeng Xu , Xiaorui Wang , Zhendong Mao

Precise spatial understanding in Earth Observation is essential for translating raw aerial imagery into actionable insights for critical applications like urban planning, environmental monitoring and disaster management. However, Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Roger Ferrod , Maël Lecene , Krishna Sapkota , George Leifman , Vered Silverman , Genady Beryozkin , Sylvain Lobry

Current image captioning systems lack the ability to link descriptive text to specific visual elements, making their outputs difficult to verify. While recent approaches offer some grounding capabilities, they cannot track object identities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Daniel A. P. Oliveira , Lourenço Teodoro , David Martins de Matos