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Computer Use Agents (CUAs) fundamentally rely on graphical user interface (GUI) grounding to translate language instructions into executable screen actions, but editing-level grounding in dense coding interfaces (such as VS Code and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Himangi Mittal , Gaurav Mittal , Nelson Daniel Troncoso , Yu Hu

While current Computer Use Agent (CUA) benchmarks measure task completion effectively, they provide limited assessment of enterprise deployment readiness, emphasizing functional correctness over the operational reliability required for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Horia Cristescu , Charles Park , Trong Canh Nguyen , Sergiu Talmacel , Alexandru-Gabriel Ilie , Stefan Adam

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are transforming the capabilities of graphical user interface (GUI) agents, facilitating their transition from controlled simulations to complex, real-world applications across various platforms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Boyu Gou , Ruohan Wang , Boyuan Zheng , Yanan Xie , Cheng Chang , Yiheng Shu , Huan Sun , Yu Su

While GUI agents have shown impressive capabilities in common computer-use tasks such as OSWorld, current benchmarks mainly focus on isolated and single-application tasks. This overlooks a critical real-world requirement of coordinating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinchao Li , Yunxin Li , Chenrui Zhao , Zhenran Xu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Successful conversations often rest on common understanding, where all parties are on the same page about the information being shared. This process, known as conversational grounding, is crucial for building trustworthy dialog systems that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Biswesh Mohapatra , Seemab Hassan , Laurent Romary , Justine Cassell

Existing benchmarks for grounding language in interactive environments either lack real-world linguistic elements, or prove difficult to scale up due to substantial human involvement in the collection of data or feedback signals. To bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Shunyu Yao , Howard Chen , John Yang , Karthik Narasimhan

Digital agents for automating tasks across different platforms by directly manipulating the GUIs are increasingly important. For these agents, grounding from language instructions to target elements remains a significant challenge due to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yuhao Yang , Yue Wang , Dongxu Li , Ziyang Luo , Bei Chen , Chao Huang , Junnan Li

The development of native computer-use agents (CUA) represents a significant leap in multimodal AI. However, their potential is currently bottlenecked by the constraints of static data scaling. Existing paradigms relying primarily on…

Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) are central to human-computer interaction, yet automating complex GUI tasks remains a major challenge for autonomous agents, largely due to a lack of scalable, high-quality training data. While recordings of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yichun Zhang , Xiangwu Guo , Yauhong Goh , Jessica Hu , Zhiheng Chen , Xin Wang , Difei Gao , Mike Zheng Shou

The rapid advancement of vision-language models has catalyzed the emergence of GUI agents, which hold immense potential for automating complex tasks, from online shopping to flight booking, thereby alleviating the burden of repetitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhongyin Zhao , Yuan Liu , Yikun Liu , Haicheng Wang , Le Tian , Xiao Zhou , Yangxiu You , Zilin Yu , Yang Yu , Jie Zhou

Computer-using agents have shown strong potential to boost human productivity and enable new application forms across platforms. While recent advances have led to usable applications, existing benchmarks fail to account for the internal…

Computer use agents automate digital tasks by directly interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) on computers and mobile devices, offering significant potential to enhance human productivity by completing an open-ended space of user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Saaket Agashe , Kyle Wong , Vincent Tu , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable performance in User Interface (UI) grounding tasks, driven by their ability to process increasingly high-resolution screenshots. However, screenshots are tokenized into thousands of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Mingyu Ouyang , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Mike Zheng Shou , Hwee Tou Ng

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding - the task of mapping natural language instructions to screen coordinates - is essential for autonomous agents and accessibility technologies. Existing systems rely on monolithic models or one-shot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 SeokJoo Kwak , Jihoon Kim , Boyoun Kim , Jung Jae Yoon , Wooseok Jang , Jeonghoon Hong , Jaeho Yang , Yeong-Dae Kwon

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have made substantial strides in understanding and executing user instructions across diverse platforms. Yet, grounding these instructions to precise interface elements remains challenging, especially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinbin Yuan , Jian Zhang , Kaixin Li , Zhuoxuan Cai , Lujian Yao , Jie Chen , Enguang Wang , Qibin Hou , Jinwei Chen , Peng-Tao Jiang , Bo Li

We introduce MMBench-GUI, a hierarchical benchmark for evaluating GUI automation agents across Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android, and Web platforms. It comprises four levels: GUI Content Understanding, Element Grounding, Task Automation,…

The recent progress of large language model agents has opened new possibilities for automating tasks through graphical user interfaces (GUIs), especially in mobile environments where intelligent interaction can greatly enhance usability.…

Computer-use agents(CUAs)are moving frombounded benchmarks toward real software environments, wherethey operate browsers, desktops, mobile applications, flesystems,terminals, and tool backends. In such settings, reliability isno longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zejian Chen , Zhanyuan Liu , Chaozhuo Li , Mengxiang Han , Songyang Liu , Litian Zhang , Feng Gao , Yiming Hei , Xi Zhang

Automated GUI agents aims to facilitate user interaction by automatically performing complex tasks in digital environments, such as web, mobile, desktop devices. It receives textual task instruction and GUI description to generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jing Huang , Zhixiong Zeng , Wenkang Han , Yufeng Zhong , Liming Zheng , Shuai Fu , Jingyuan Chen , Lin Ma

Coworking AI agents operating within local file systems are rapidly emerging as a paradigm in human-AI interaction; however, effective personalization remains limited by severe data constraints, as strict privacy barriers and the difficulty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shuai Liu , Shulin Tian , Kairui Hu , Yuhao Dong , Zhe Yang , Bo Li , Jingkang Yang , Chen Change Loy , Ziwei Liu