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Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models widely used for learning interpretable latent spaces, quantifying uncertainty, and compressing data for downstream generative tasks. VAEs typically rely on diagonal Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peter Sorrenson , Lukas Lührs , Hans Olischläger , Ullrich Köthe

Spatially 3-dimensional seismic full waveform inversion (3D FWI) is a highly nonlinear and computationally demanding inverse problem that constructs 3D subsurface seismic velocity structures using seismic waveform data. To characterise…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-21 Xuebin Zhao , Andrew Curtis

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that produces high-resolution subsurface models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between the simulated and observed seismograms. Unfortunately,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Fangshu Yang , Jianwei Ma

Quantitative monitoring of subsurface changes is essential for ensuring the safety of geological CO2 sequestration. Full-waveform monitoring (FWM) can resolve these changes at high spatial resolution, but conventional deterministic…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-12-16 Haipeng Li , Nanzhe Wang , Louis J. Durlofsky , Biondo L. Biondi

We propose a formulation of full-wavefield inversion (FWI) as a constrained optimization problem, and describe a computationally efficient technique for solving constrained full-wavefield inversion (CFWI). The technique is based on using a…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-10-28 Musa Maharramov , Biondo Biondi

Producing reliable acoustic subsurface velocity models still remains the main bottleneck of the oil and gas industry's traditional imaging sequence. In complex geological settings, the output of conventional ray-based or wave-equation-based…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-06-07 Guillaume Barnier , Ettore Biondi , Robert G. Clapp , Biondo Biondi

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a highly nonlinear and ill-posed problem that aims to recover subsurface velocity maps from surface-recorded seismic waveforms data. Existing data-driven FWI typically uses small models, as available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yinan Feng , Peng Jin , Yuzhe Guo , Yinpeng Chen , Youzuo Lin

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an important geophysical technique considered in subsurface property prediction. It solves the inverse problem of predicting high-resolution Earth interior models from seismic data. Traditional FWI methods…

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is beginning to be used to characterize weak seismic events at different scales, an example of which is microseismic event (MSE) characterization. However, FWI with unknown sources is a severely underdetermined…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Hossein S. Aghamiry , Ali Gholami , Stéphane Operto , Alison Malcolm

Full waveform inversion (FWI) has the potential to provide high-resolution subsurface model estimations. However, due to limitations in observation, e.g., regional noise, limited shots or receivers, and band-limited data, it is hard to…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-11-30 Fu Wang , Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full waveform inversion (FWI) aims to reconstruct unknown physical coefficients in wave equations using the wavefield data generated from multiple incoming sources. In this work, we propose an offline-online computational strategy for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Wen Ding , Kui Ren , Lu Zhang

Inference and inverse problems are closely related concepts, both fundamentally involving the deduction of unknown causes or parameters from observed data. Bayesian inference, a powerful class of methods, is often employed to solve a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-17 Yuan-Hao Wei , Yan-Jie Sun , Chen Zhang

Full Wave Inversion (FWI) imaging scheme has many applications in engineering, geoscience and medical sciences. In this paper, a surrogate deep learning FWI approach is presented to quantify properties of materials using stress waves. Such…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-08 Reza Rashetnia , Mohammad Pour-Ghaz

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a successful and well-established inverse method for reconstructing material models from measured wave signals. In the field of seismic exploration, FWI has proven particularly successful in the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Tim Bürchner , Philipp Kopp , Stefan Kollmannsberger , Ernst Rank

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution and computationally intensive imaging technique to reconstruct unknown parameters in the computational model in which the waves propagate; however, an accurate model of only part of this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Hossein S. Aghamiry , Ali Gholami , Stephane Operto , Alison Malcolm

Implicit full waveform inversion (IFWI) introduces implicit neural representations to parameterize the subsurface velocity model as a continuous function of spatial coordinates, which alleviates the dependence on the initial model and…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-05-05 Zefeng Wang , Shijun Cheng , Weijian Mao , Wei Ouyang , Huanhuan Tang

Full waveform inversion (FWI) enables us to obtain high-resolution velocity models of the subsurface. However, estimating the associated uncertainties in the process is not trivial. Commonly, uncertainty estimation is performed within the…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-05-16 Muhammad Izzatullah , Matteo Ravasi , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full waveform inversion (FWI) has become a widely adopted technique for high-resolution subsurface imaging. However, its inherent strong nonlinearity often results in convergence toward local minima. Recently, deep image prior-based…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-12-10 Guangyuan Zou , Junlun Li , Feng Liu , Xuejing Zheng , Jianjian Xie , Guoyi Chen

We propose a way to favorably employ neural networks in the field of non-destructive testing using Full Waveform Inversion (FWI). The presented methodology discretizes the unknown material distribution in the domain with a neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Stefan Kollmannsberger , Divya Singh , Leon Herrmann

The ultimate aim of the study is to explore the inverse design of porous metamaterials using a deep learning-based generative framework. Specifically, we develop a property-variational autoencoder (pVAE), a variational autoencoder (VAE)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Phu Thien Nguyen , Yousef Heider , Dennis M. Kochmann , Fadi Aldakheel