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Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful technique to generate high resolution images of the Earth's interior. However, significant uncertainty exists in all FWI solutions due to imperfect acquisition geometries, inherent noise…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-03-13 Xuebin Zhao , Andrew Curtis

Bayesian formulations of inverse problems are attractive for their ability to incorporate prior knowledge and update probabilistic models as new data become available. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods sample posterior probability…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Giovanni Angelo Meles , Stefano Marelli , Niklas Linde

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a technique employed to attain a high resolution subsurface velocity model. However, FWI results are effected by the limited illumination of the model domain and the quality of that illumination, which is…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-08-20 Lingyun Yang , Omar M. Saad , Guochen Wu , Tariq Alkhalifah

Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution technique used in geophysics to evaluate the physical parameters and construct subsurface models in a noisy and limited data scenario. The ill-posed nature of the FWI turns this a…

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is an advanced technique for reconstructing high-resolution subsurface physical parameters by progressively minimizing the discrepancy between observed and predicted seismic data. However, conventional FWI…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Chao Song , Tariq Alkhalifah , Umair Bin Waheed , Silin Wang , Cai Liu

Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear iterative seismic imaging technique that, by reducing the misfit between recorded and predicted seismic waveforms, can produce detailed estimates of subsurface geophysical properties.…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-11-22 Vahid Negahdari , Seyed Reza Moghadasi , Mohammad Reza Razvan

In recent years, Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) has been extensively used to derive high-resolution subsurface velocity models from seismic data. However, due to the nonlinearity and ill-posed nature of the problem, FWI requires a good…

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful tool for reconstructing material fields based on sparsely measured data obtained by wave propagation. For specific problems, discretizing the material field with a neural network (NN) improves the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Divya Shyam Singh , Leon Herrmann , Qing Sun , Tim Bürchner , Felix Dietrich , Stefan Kollmannsberger

Seismic full-waveform inversion (FWI) techniques aim to find a high-resolution subsurface geophysical model provided with waveform data. Some recent effort in data-driven FWI has shown some encouraging results in obtaining 2D velocity maps.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Qili Zeng , Shihang Feng , Brendt Wohlberg , Youzuo Lin

This study uses a Variational Autoencoder method to enhance the efficiency and applicability of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (McMC) methods by generating broader-spectrum prior proposals. Traditional approaches, such as the Karhunen-Lo\`eve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Marcio Borges , Felipe Pereira , Michel Tosin

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a technique widely used in geophysics to obtain high-resolution subsurface velocity models from waveform seismic data. Due to its large computation cost, most flavors of FWI rely only on the computation of…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-03-27 Mustafa Alfarhan , Matteo Ravasi , Fuqiang Chen , Tariq Alkhalifah

Seismic waves bring information from the physical properties of the earth to the surface. Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a local optimization technique which tries to invert the recorded wave fields to the physical properties. An…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 Nasser Kazemi

GPR full-waveform inversion optimizes the subsurface property model iteratively to match the entire waveform information. However, the model gradients derived from wavefield continuation often contain errors, such as ghost values and…

Autoencoders gained popularity in the deep learning revolution given their ability to compress data and provide dimensionality reduction. Although prominent deep learning methods have been used to enhance autoencoders, the need to provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Rohitash Chandra , Mahir Jain , Manavendra Maharana , Pavel N. Krivitsky

This paper introduces a Bayesian framework that combines Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, dimensionality reduction, and neural density estimation to efficiently handle inverse problems that (i) must be solved multiple times, and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Giacomo Bottacini , Matteo Torzoni , Andrea Manzoni

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a widely used technique in seismic processing to produce high resolution Earth models that fully explain the recorded seismic data. FWI is a local optimisation problem which aims to minimise in a…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-11-22 Christopher Zerafa , Pauline Galea , Cristiana Sebu

This paper investigates the impact of big data on deep learning models to help solve the full waveform inversion (FWI) problem. While it is well known that big data can boost the performance of deep learning models in many tasks, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Peng Jin , Yinan Feng , Shihang Feng , Hanchen Wang , Yinpeng Chen , Benjamin Consolvo , Zicheng Liu , Youzuo Lin

Objectives: Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a high-resolution geophysical imaging technique that reconstructs subsurface velocity models by iteratively minimizing the misfit between predicted and observed seismic data. However, under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xinyi Zhang , Caiyun Liu , Jie Xiong , Qingfeng Yu

Learning latent representations that are simultaneously expressive, geometrically well-structured, and reliably calibrated remains a central challenge for Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). Standard VAEs typically assume a diagonal Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mehmet Can Yavuz

In recent years, uncertainty-aware full waveform inversion (FWI) has received increasing attention, with a growing emphasis on producing informative uncertainty estimates alongside inversion results. Bayesian inference methods--particularly…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-05-14 Yunduo Li , Yijie Zhang , Xueyu Zhu , Jinghuai Gao