Related papers: Numbers and numerosities
Some class of sums which naturally include the sums of powers of integers is considered. A number of conjectures concerning a representation of these sums is made.
Contrary to popular misconception, the question in the title is far from simple. It involves sets of numbers on the first level, sets of sets of numbers on the second level, and so on, endlessly. The infinite hierarchy of the levels…
We present some applications of the notion of numerosity to measure theory, including the construction of a non-Archimedean model for the probability of infinite sequences of coin tosses.
We make a number of observations on Conway surreal number theory which may be useful, for further developments, in both in mathematics and theoretical physics. In particular, we argue that the concepts of surreal numbers and matroids can be…
The paper attempts to describe the space of possible mind designs by first equating all minds to software. Next it proves some interesting properties of the mind design space such as infinitude of minds, size and representation complexity…
Within the framework of computable infinitary continuous logic, we develop a system of hyperarithmetic numerals. These numerals are infinitary sentences in a metric language $L$ that have the same truth value in every interpretation of $L$.…
We analyze on the formalism of probability measures -functional integrals on function spaces , the problem of infinities on Euclidean field theories
Germs of real-valued functions, surreal numbers, and transseries are three ways to enrich the real continuum by infinitesimal and infinite quantities. Each of these comes with naturally interacting notions of ordering and derivative. The…
We introduce a notion of palindromicity of a natural number which is independent of the base. We study the existence and density of palindromic and multiple palindromic numbers, and we raise several related questions.
The concept of measurement is discussed. It is argued that counting process in mathematics is also measurement which requires a basic unit. The idea of scale is put forward. The basic unit itself, which are composed of the infinitesimal of…
In [8] the authors initiate the study of selective versions of the notion of $\theta$-separability in non-regular spaces. In this paper we continue this investigation by establishing connections between the familiar cardinal numbers arising…
How many odd numbers are there? How many even numbers? From Galileo to Cantor, the suggestion was that there are the same number of odd, even and natural numbers, because all three sets can be mapped in one-one fashion to each other. This…
We will see that key concepts of number theory can be defined for arbitrary operations. We give a generalized distributivity for hyperoperations (usual arithmetic operations and operations going beyond exponentiation) and a generalization…
We estimate, in a number field, the number of elements and the maximal number of linearly independent elements, with prescribed bounds on their valuations. As a by-product, we obtain new bounds for the successive minima of ideal lattices.…
In this paper we present a new mathematical conception based on a new method for ordering the integers. The method relies on the assumption that negative numbers are beyond infinity, which goes back to Wallis and Euler. We also present a…
We present a novel framework for measuring the size of discrete subsets of using surreal-valued numerosity, which strictly satisfies Euclid's principle that "the whole is greater than a part". By mapping numerosities to surreal numbers via…
Line systems passing through the origin of the $d$ dimensional Euclidean space admitting exactly two distinct angles are called biangular. It is shown that the maximum cardinality of biangular lines is at least $2(d-1)(d-2)$, and this…
In the present article, real number representations, that are generalizations of classical positive and alternating representations of numbers, are introduced and investigated. The main metric relation, properties of cylinder sets are…
We found a regularity of the behavior of primes that allows to represent both prime and natural numbers as infinite matrices with a common formation rule of their rows. This regularity determines a new class of infinite cyclic groups that…
We discuss two main ways in comparing and evaluating the size of sets: the "Cantorian" way, grounded on the so called Hume principle (two sets have equal size if they are equipotent), and the "Euclidean" way, maintaining Euclid's principle…