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Related papers: Numbers and numerosities

200 papers

The topic of diversity is an interesting subject, both as a purely mathematical concept and also for its applications to important real-life situations. Unfortunately, although the meaning of diversity seems intuitively clear, no precise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-13 Chris Dowden

Singularities appear in numerous important mathematical models used in Physics. And in most of such cases singularities are involved in essentially nonlinear contexts. For more than four decades, general enough nonlinear theories of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-02-05 Elemer E Rosinger

Formal languages are sets of strings of symbols described by a set of rules specific to them. In this note, we discuss a certain class of formal languages, called regular languages, and put forward some elementary results. The properties of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Aalok Thakkar

In this paper we introduce the notion of elementary numerosity as a special function defined on all subsets of a given set X which takes values in a suitable non-Archimedean field, and satisfies the same formal properties of finite…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2012-12-27 Vieri Benci , Emanuele Bottazzi , Mauro Di Nasso

In this article we will discuss a few aspects of the spacetime description of matter and fields. In Section:1 we will discuss the completeness of real numbers in the context of an alternate definition of the straight line as a geometric…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Kaushik Ghosh

We define a notion which contains numerous basic notions of Analysis as special cases, for example limit, continuity, differential, Riemann and Lebesgue integral, root and exponential functions. Properties like additivity or linearity of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Matthias Mossburger

Introducing the notion of a rational system of measure preserving transformations and proving a recurrence result for such systems, we give sufficient conditions in order a subset of rational numbers to contain arbitrary long arithmetic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-19 Andreas Koutsogiannis

Some physical consequences of the negation of the continuum hypothesis are considered. It is shown that quantum and classical mechanics are component parts of the multicomponent description of the set of variable infinite cardinality.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 O. Yaremchuk

This paper examines the completion of an w-ordered sequence of recursive definitions which on the one hand defines an increasing sequence of nested set and on the other redefines successively a numeric variable as the cardinal of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-01-30 Antonio Leon

We present a new topological proof of the infinitude of prime numbers with a new topology. Furthermore, in this topology, we characterize the infinitude of any non-empty subset of prime numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Jhixon Macías

A new number system, the set of the non-Dedekindian numbers, is introduced and characterized axiomatically. It is then proved that any hypercontinous hyperreal number system is strictly included in the set of the Non-Dedekindian Numbers.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gavriel Segre

We define a very general notion of regularity for functions taking values in an alternative real $*$-algebra. Over Clifford numbers, this notion subsumes the well-established notions of monogenic function and slice-monogenic function. Over…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-06-10 Riccardo Ghiloni , Caterina Stoppato

We discuss various universality aspects of numerical computations using standard algorithms. These aspects include empirical observations and rigorous results. We also make various speculations about computation in a broader sense.

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-24 Percy Deift , Thomas Trogdon

In this article, we explore the notion of infinity by studying Cantor's contribution to this field. A brief history of set theory is given. As an example of infinity, we consider Hilbert's famous hotel. A graphical construction is used to…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Michel Ades , David Guillemette , Serge B. Provost

A new general and unified method of summation, which is both regular and consistent, is invented. It is based on the idea concerning a way of integers reordering. The resulting theory includes a number of explicit and closed form summation…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-10-26 Armen Bagdasaryan

It is a ubiquitous opinion among mathematicians that a real number is just a point in the line. If this rough definition is not enough, then a mathematician may provide a formal definition of the real numbers in the set theoretic and…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-07-12 Stanislaw Ambroszkiewicz

This paper describes problems concerning the range of cardinalities of sumsets and restricted sumsets of finite subsets of the integers and finite subsets of ordered abelian groups.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Melvyn B. Nathanson

We define a concept which we call multiplicity. First, multiplicity of a morphism is defined. Then the multiplicity of an object over another object is defined to be the minimum of the multiplicities of all morphisms from one to another.…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Kouki Taniyama

We construct a continuum of non-homeomorphic compact subspaces of the real line R without singleton components. Thus from the purely topological point of view the real line contains not only more closed sets than open sets but also more…

General Topology · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Gerald Kuba

The undecidability of the additive theory of primes (with identity) as well as the theory Th(N,+, n -> p\_n), where p\_n denotes the (n+1)-th prime, are open questions. As a possible approach, we extend the latter theory by adding some…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Patrick Cegielski , Denis Richard , Maxim Vsemirnov