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The capacity of an embodied agent to understand, predict, and interact with its environment is fundamentally contingent on an internal world model. This paper introduces a novel framework for investigating the formation and adaptation of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Brennen Hill

Data scarcity remains a fundamental barrier to achieving fully autonomous surgical robots. While large scale vision language action (VLA) models have shown impressive generalization in household and industrial manipulation by leveraging…

The main challenge in learning image-conditioned robotic policies is acquiring a visual representation conducive to low-level control. Due to the high dimensionality of the image space, learning a good visual representation requires a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Albert Yu , Adeline Foote , Raymond Mooney , Roberto Martín-Martín

Video world models can generate realistic futures from a single instruction, but they often fail to preserve consistent point-level motion over time. As a result, the generated videos appear plausible, yet lack the physical grounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Kaichen Zhou , Yuzhen Chen , Fangneng Zhan , Hang Hua , Grace Chen , Xinhai Chang , Ao Qu , Yilun Du , Zhuang Liu , Paul Pu Liang , Mengyu Wang

Large multimodal models exhibit remarkable intelligence, yet their embodied cognitive abilities during motion in open-ended urban 3D space remain to be explored. We introduce a benchmark to evaluate whether video-large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Baining Zhao , Jianjie Fang , Zichao Dai , Ziyou Wang , Jirong Zha , Weichen Zhang , Chen Gao , Yue Wang , Jinqiang Cui , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li

Spatio-physical reasoning, a foundation capability for understanding the real physics world, is a critical step towards building robust world models. While recent vision language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable progress in specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tiancheng Han , Yunfei Gao , Yong Li , Wuzhou Yu , Qiaosheng Zhang , Wenqi Shao

Vision Language Models (VLMs) perform well on standard video tasks but struggle with physics-related reasoning involving motion dynamics and spatial interactions. We present a novel approach to address this gap by translating physical-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiyang Wu , Zongxia Li , Jihui Jin , Guangyao Shi , Gouthaman KV , Vishnu Raj , Nilotpal Sinha , Jingxi Chen , Fan Du , Dinesh Manocha

Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2), a vision foundation model has significantly advanced in prompt-driven video object segmentation, yet their practical deployment remains limited by the high computational and memory cost of processing dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Avilasha Mandal , Chaoning Zhang , Fachrina Dewi Puspitasari , Xudong Wang , Jiaquan Zhang , Caiyan Qin , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Generating visual instructions in a given context is essential for developing interactive world simulators. While prior works address this problem through either text-guided image manipulation or video prediction, these tasks are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yujiang Pu , Zhanbo Huang , Vishnu Boddeti , Yu Kong

Learned world models hold significant potential for robotic manipulation, as they can serve as simulator for real-world interactions. While extensive progress has been made in 2D video-based world models, these approaches often lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Chuanrui Zhang , Zhengxian Wu , Guanxing Lu , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

The clinical adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging requires models that are both diagnostically accurate and interpretable to clinicians. While current multimodal biomedical foundation models prioritize performance,…

Fine-tuning Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is a common strategy to improve performance following an ad-hoc data collection and annotation of real-world scenes. However, this process is often prone to biases, errors, and distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Massimo Rizzoli , Simone Alghisi , Seyed Mahed Mousavi , Giuseppe Riccardi

Robot manipulation in the real world is fundamentally constrained by the visual sim2real gap, where depth observations collected in simulation fail to reflect the complex noise patterns inherent to real sensors. In this work, inspired by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xiujian Liang , Jiacheng Liu , Mingyang Sun , Qichen He , Cewu Lu , Jianhua Sun

We present Im2Flow2Act, a scalable learning framework that enables robots to acquire real-world manipulation skills without the need of real-world robot training data. The key idea behind Im2Flow2Act is to use object flow as the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mengda Xu , Zhenjia Xu , Yinghao Xu , Cheng Chi , Gordon Wetzstein , Manuela Veloso , Shuran Song

Recent advancements in open-world robot manipulation have been largely driven by vision-language models (VLMs). While these models exhibit strong generalization ability in high-level planning, they struggle to predict low-level robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chuanruo Ning , Kuan Fang , Wei-Chiu Ma

The performance of learned robot visuomotor policies is heavily dependent on the size and quality of the training dataset. Although large-scale robot and human datasets are increasingly available, embodiment gaps and mismatched action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yiqi Wang , Mrinal Verghese , Jeff Schneider

World model-based policy evaluation is a practical proxy for testing real-world robot control by rolling out candidate actions in action-conditioned video diffusion models. As these models increasingly adopt latent diffusion modeling (LDM),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Nilaksh , Saurav Jha , Artem Zholus , Sarath Chandar

Video generation models have significantly advanced embodied intelligence, unlocking new possibilities for generating diverse robot data that capture perception, reasoning, and action in the physical world. However, synthesizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Yufan Deng , Zilin Pan , Hongyu Zhang , Xiaojie Li , Ruoqing Hu , Yufei Ding , Yiming Zou , Yan Zeng , Daquan Zhou

World models serve as core simulators for fields such as agentic AI, embodied AI, and gaming, capable of generating long, physically realistic, and interactive high-quality videos. Moreover, scaling these models could unlock emergent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Inferix Team , Tianyu Feng , Yizeng Han , Jiahao He , Yuanyu He , Xi Lin , Teng Liu , Hanfeng Lu , Jiasheng Tang , Wei Wang , Zhiyuan Wang , Jichao Wu , Mingyang Yang , Yinghao Yu , Zeyu Zhang , Bohan Zhuang

This paper describes our research on AI agents embodied in visual, virtual or physical forms, enabling them to interact with both users and their environments. These agents, which include virtual avatars, wearable devices, and robots, are…