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Planning with world models offers a powerful paradigm for robotic control. Conventional approaches train a model to predict future frames conditioned on current frames and actions, which can then be used for planning. However, the objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jacob Berg , Chuning Zhu , Yanda Bao , Ishan Durugkar , Abhishek Gupta

Humans are able to make rich predictions about the future dynamics of physical objects from a glance. On the other hand, most existing computer vision approaches require strong assumptions about the underlying system, ad-hoc modeling, or…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Zhihua Wang , Stefano Rosa , Yishu Miao , Zihang Lai , Linhai Xie , Andrew Markham , Niki Trigoni

What makes good representations for video understanding, such as anticipating future activities, or answering video-conditioned questions? While earlier approaches focus on end-to-end learning directly from video pixels, we propose to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Shijie Wang , Qi Zhao , Minh Quan Do , Nakul Agarwal , Kwonjoon Lee , Chen Sun

The rapid progress in embodied artificial intelligence has highlighted the necessity for more advanced and integrated models that can perceive, interpret, and predict environmental dynamics. In this context, World Models (WMs) have been…

Physical world knowledge resides mainly in videos. Equipping Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models with such knowledge is fundamental for safe and generalizable planning. Predictive world modeling enables VLA to internalize physical dynamics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Baolu Li , Jingyu Qian , Rui Guo , Yilun Chen , Hanpeng Liu , Yuan Lin , Junhong Zhou , Ruixin Liu , Willow Yang , Yutong Zheng , Zhenli Zhang , Tenglong , Gu , Zhuangzhuang Ding , Pengkun Zheng , Yu Zhang , Xianming Liu

While LLM/VLM-powered AI agents have advanced rapidly in math, coding, and computer use, their applications in complex physical and social environments remain challenging. Building agents that can survive and thrive in the real world (for…

Motion understanding is fundamental to physical reasoning, enabling models to infer dynamics and predict future states. However, state-of-the-art models still struggle on recent motion benchmarks, primarily due to the scarcity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yulu Gan , Ligeng Zhu , Dandan Shan , Baifeng Shi , Hongxu Yin , Boris Ivanovic , Song Han , Trevor Darrell , Jitendra Malik , Marco Pavone , Boyi Li

Embodied agents in household environments must plan under partial observation: they need to remember objects, track state changes, and recover when actions fail. Existing benchmarks only partially test this ability. Egocentric video…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Qinchuan Cheng , Zhantao Gong , Pengzhan Sun , Angela Yao , Xulei Yang , Shijie Li

Scalable Embodied AI faces fundamental constraints due to prohibitive costs and safety risks of real-world interaction. While Embodied World Models (EWMs) offer promise through imagined rollouts, existing approaches suffer from geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ruicheng Zhang , Guangyu Chen , Zunnan Xu , Zihao Liu , Zhizhou Zhong , Mingyang Zhang , Jun Zhou , Xiu Li

The research field of Embodied AI has witnessed substantial progress in visual navigation and exploration thanks to powerful simulating platforms and the availability of 3D data of indoor and photorealistic environments. These two factors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Roberto Bigazzi , Federico Landi , Marcella Cornia , Silvia Cascianelli , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

The autonomous evolution of networked AI systems relies heavily on robust environmental perception. However, physical understanding remains brittle in current models because key physical signals are visually ambiguous and sparsely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Minghao Han , Dingkang Yang , Yue Jiang , Yizhou Liu , Lihua Zhang

Generative video models, a leading approach to world modeling, face fundamental limitations. They often violate physical and logical rules, lack interactivity, and operate as opaque black boxes ill-suited for building structured, queryable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Felix O'Mahony , Roberto Cipolla , Ayush Tewari

Foundation models have transformed machine learning for language and vision, but achieving comparable impact in physical simulation remains a challenge. Data heterogeneity and unstable long-term dynamics inhibit learning from sufficiently…

Physical AI aims to develop models that can perceive and predict real-world dynamics; yet, the extent to which current multi-modal large language models and video generative models support these abilities is insufficiently understood. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Fengzhe Zhou , Jiannan Huang , Jialuo Li , Deva Ramanan , Humphrey Shi

Learning predictive world models from visual observations is a core problem in embodied AI, with applications to model-based reinforcement learning and robotic planning. Existing latent world models typically generate future states with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qixin Xiao , Maani Ghaffari

We propose Infinite-World, a robust interactive world model capable of maintaining coherent visual memory over 1000+ frames in complex real-world environments. While existing world models can be efficiently optimized on synthetic data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ruiqi Wu , Xuanhua He , Meng Cheng , Tianyu Yang , Yong Zhang , Zhuoliang Kang , Xunliang Cai , Xiaoming Wei , Chunle Guo , Chongyi Li , Ming-Ming Cheng

Recent advancements in foundational models, such as large language models and world models, have greatly enhanced the capabilities of robotics, enabling robots to autonomously perform complex tasks. However, acquiring large-scale,…

Deploying visuomotor robots at scale is challenging due to the potential for anomalous failures to degrade performance, cause damage, or endanger human life. Bimanual manipulators are no exception; these robots have vast state spaces…

The ability to simulate the effects of future actions on the world is a crucial ability of intelligent embodied agents, enabling agents to anticipate the effects of their actions and make plans accordingly. While a large body of existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Siyuan Zhou , Yilun Du , Yuncong Yang , Lei Han , Peihao Chen , Dit-Yan Yeung , Chuang Gan

Humans understand the world through the integration of multiple sensory modalities, enabling them to perceive, reason about, and imagine dynamic physical processes. Inspired by this capability, multimodal foundation models (MFMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xuehai He