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Existing bounds on the generalization error of deep networks assume some form of smooth or bounded dependence on the input variable, falling short of investigating the mechanisms controlling such factors in practice. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Matteo Gamba , Hossein Azizpour , Mårten Björkman

Recent research has established that the local Lipschitz constant of a neural network directly influences its adversarial robustness. We exploit this relationship to construct an ensemble of neural networks which not only improves the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Thulasi Tholeti , Sheetal Kalyani

Probabilistic learning is increasingly being tackled as an optimization problem, with gradient-based approaches as predominant methods. When modelling multivariate likelihoods, a usual but undesirable outcome is that the learned model fits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Adrián Javaloy , Isabel Valera

Lipschitz constants of neural networks allow for guarantees of robustness in image classification, safety in controller design, and generalizability beyond the training data. As calculating Lipschitz constants is NP-hard, techniques for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Anton Xue , Lars Lindemann , Alexander Robey , Hamed Hassani , George J. Pappas , Rajeev Alur

The Lipschitz constant of a network plays an important role in many applications of deep learning, such as robustness certification and Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network. We introduce a semidefinite programming hierarchy to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-29 Tong Chen , Jean-Bernard Lasserre , Victor Magron , Edouard Pauwels

Motivated by the fragility of neural network (NN) controllers in safety-critical applications, we present a data-driven framework for verifying the risk of stochastic dynamical systems with NN controllers. Given a stochastic control system,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-14 Matthew Cleaveland , Lars Lindemann , Radoslav Ivanov , George Pappas

Extracting dynamic models from data is of enormous importance in understanding the properties of unknown systems. In this work, we employ Lipschitz neural networks, a class of neural networks with a prescribed upper bound on their Lipschitz…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-21 Shiqing Wei , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Farshad Khorrami

In binary classification and regression problems, it is well understood that Lipschitz continuity and smoothness of the loss function play key roles in governing generalization error bounds for empirical risk minimization algorithms. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-14 Ambuj Tewari , Sougata Chaudhuri

Recent studies on the adversarial vulnerability of neural networks have shown that models trained to be more robust to adversarial attacks exhibit more interpretable saliency maps than their non-robust counterparts. We aim to quantify this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-13 Christian Etmann , Sebastian Lunz , Peter Maass , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Recent years have seen growing interest in developing and applying perceptual similarity metrics. Research has shown the superiority of perceptual metrics over pixel-wise metrics in aligning with human perception and serving as a proxy for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Sara Ghazanfari , Alexandre Araujo , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Farshad Khorrami , Siddharth Garg

Neural networks are often highly sensitive to input and weight perturbations. This sensitivity has been linked to pathologies such as vulnerability to adversarial examples, divergent training, and overfitting. To combat these problems, past…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Laker Newhouse , R. Preston Hess , Franz Cesista , Andrii Zahorodnii , Jeremy Bernstein , Phillip Isola

As the representations output by Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are increasingly employed in real-world applications, it becomes important to ensure that these representations are fair and stable. In this work, we establish a key connection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Chirag Agarwal , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Marinka Zitnik

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are so complex that the existing learning theories do not provide a satisfactory explanation for why GANs have great success in practice. The same situation also remains largely open for deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Khoat Than , Nghia Vu

This paper introduces a promising alternative method for training Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) on large-scale datasets with clear theoretical guarantees. GANs are typically learned through a minimax game between a generator and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chang Wan , Ke Fan , Xinwei Sun , Yanwei Fu , Minglu Li , Yunliang Jiang , Zhonglong Zheng

While the class of Polynomial Nets demonstrates comparable performance to neural networks (NN), it currently has neither theoretical generalization characterization nor robustness guarantees. To this end, we derive new complexity bounds for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Zhenyu Zhu , Fabian Latorre , Grigorios G Chrysos , Volkan Cevher

This paper investigates the theory of robustness against adversarial attacks. We focus on randomized classifiers (\emph{i.e.} classifiers that output random variables) and provide a thorough analysis of their behavior through the lens of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Rafael Pinot , Laurent Meunier , Florian Yger , Cédric Gouy-Pailler , Yann Chevaleyre , Jamal Atif

State-of-the-art classifiers have been shown to be largely vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. One of the most effective strategies to improve robustness is adversarial training. In this paper, we investigate the effect of adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Alhussein Fawzi , Jonathan Uesato , Pascal Frossard

Since the Lipschitz properties of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely considered to be related to adversarial robustness, we theoretically characterize the $\ell_1$ norm and $\ell_\infty$ norm of 2D multi-channel convolutional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Youwei Liang , Dong Huang

Current approaches to novelty or anomaly detection are based on deep neural networks. Despite their effectiveness, neural networks are also vulnerable to imperceptible deformations of the input data. This is a serious issue in critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Ranya Almohsen , Shivang Patel , Donald A. Adjeroh , Gianfranco Doretto

Feature maps associated with positive definite kernels play a central role in kernel methods and learning theory, where regularity properties such as Lipschitz continuity are closely related to robustness and stability guarantees. Despite…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-06 Justin Reverdi , Sixin Zhang , Fabrice Gamboa , Serge Gratton