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Computational reproducibility is essential for the credibility of scientific findings, particularly in the social sciences, where findings often inform real-world decisions. Manual reproducibility assessment is costly and time-consuming, as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Linhao Zhang , Tong Xia , Jinghua Piao , Lizhen Cui , Yong Li

Optimism for accelerating scientific discovery with AI continues to grow. Current applications of AI in scientific research range from training dedicated foundation models on scientific data to agentic autonomous hypothesis generation…

The emergence of deep research systems presents significant capabilities in problem-solving, extending from basic queries to sophisticated research tasks. However, existing benchmarks primarily evaluate these systems as agents for web…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tianze Xu , Pengrui Lu , Lyumanshan Ye , Xiangkun Hu , Pengfei Liu

The paradigm of agentic science requires AI systems to conduct robust reasoning and engage in long-horizon, autonomous exploration. However, current scientific benchmarks remain confined to domain knowledge comprehension and complex…

This study evaluates large language models (LLMs) in generating code from algorithm descriptions in recent NLP papers. The task requires two key competencies: (1) algorithm comprehension: synthesizing information from papers and academic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yanzheng Xiang , Hanqi Yan , Shuyin Ouyang , Lin Gui , Yulan He

There is widespread optimism that frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM-augmented systems have the potential to rapidly accelerate scientific discovery across disciplines. Today, many benchmarks exist to measure LLM knowledge and…

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) promise to accelerate scientific discovery end-to-end, but rigorously evaluating their capacity for verifiable discovery remains a central challenge. Existing benchmarks face a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhen Wang , Fan Bai , Zhongyan Luo , Jinyan Su , Kaiser Sun , Xinle Yu , Jieyuan Liu , Kun Zhou , Claire Cardie , Mark Dredze , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) based autonomous agents demonstrate multifaceted capabilities to contribute substantially to economic production. However, existing benchmarks remain focused on single agentic capability, failing to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Keyu Li , Junhao Shi , Yang Xiao , Mohan Jiang , Jie Sun , Yunze Wu , Dayuan Fu , Shijie Xia , Xiaojie Cai , Tianze Xu , Weiye Si , Wenjie Li , Dequan Wang , Pengfei Liu

The advancements of large language models (LLMs) have piqued growing interest in developing LLM-based language agents to automate scientific discovery end-to-end, which has sparked both excitement and skepticism about their true…

Modern science emerged from reasoning over repeatedly-observed planetary motions. We present Gravity-Bench-v1, an environment-based benchmark that challenges AI agents on tasks that parallel this historical development. Gravity-Bench-v1…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Nolan Koblischke , Hyunseok Jang , Kristen Menou , Mohamad Ali-Dib

The rise of autonomous AI agents suggests that dynamic benchmark environments with built-in feedback on scientifically grounded tasks are needed to evaluate the capabilities of these agents in research work. We introduce Stargazer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xinge Liu , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zhijing Jin , Kristen Menou

Amongst the most common use cases of modern AI is LLM chat with web search enabled. However, no direct evaluations of the quality of web research agents exist that control for the continually-changing web. We introduce Deep Research Bench,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 FutureSearch , : , Nikos I. Bosse , Jon Evans , Robert G. Gambee , Daniel Hnyk , Peter Mühlbacher , Lawrence Phillips , Dan Schwarz , Jack Wildman

AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long-horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier…

Challenges to reproducibility and replicability have gained widespread attention, driven by large replication projects with lukewarm success rates. A nascent work has emerged developing algorithms to estimate the replicability of published…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Chuhao Wu , Tatiana Chakravorti , John Carroll , Sarah Rajtmajer

This paper introduces BioAgent Bench, a benchmark dataset and an evaluation suite designed for measuring the performance and robustness of AI agents in common bioinformatics tasks. The benchmark contains curated end-to-end tasks (e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Dionizije Fa , Marko Culjak , Bruno Pandza , Mateo Cupic

We envision "AI scientists" as systems capable of skeptical learning and reasoning that empower biomedical research through collaborative agents that integrate AI models and biomedical tools with experimental platforms. Rather than taking…

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are emerging as transformative tools in drug discovery, with the ability to autonomously reason, act, and learn through complicated research workflows. Building on large language models (LLMs) coupled…

Frontier scientific reasoning is rapidly emerging as a key foundation for advancing AI agents in automated scientific discovery. Deep research agents offer a promising approach to this challenge. These models develop robust problem-solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Tianshi Zheng , Rui Wang , Xiyun Li , Kelvin Kiu Wai Tam , Newt Nguyen Kim Hue Nam , Wei Fan , Yangqiu Song , Tianqing Fang

We introduce ResearchGym, a benchmark and execution environment for evaluating AI agents on end-to-end research. To instantiate this, we repurpose five oral and spotlight papers from ICML, ICLR, and ACL. From each paper's repository, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Aniketh Garikaparthi , Manasi Patwardhan , Arman Cohan

One of the grand challenges of artificial general intelligence is developing agents capable of conducting scientific research and discovering new knowledge. While frontier models have already been used as aides to human scientists, e.g. for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Chris Lu , Cong Lu , Robert Tjarko Lange , Jakob Foerster , Jeff Clune , David Ha