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Reinforcement learning (RL) faces challenges in trajectory planning for urban automated driving due to the poor convergence of RL and the difficulty in designing reward functions. Consequently, few RL-based trajectory planning methods can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Di Zeng , Ling Zheng , Xiantong Yang , Yinong Li

Recent reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have demonstrated impressive results in simulated driving environments. However, autonomous vehicles trained in simulation often struggle to work well in the real world due to the fidelity gap…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Sang-Hyun Lee , Daehyeok Kwon , Seung-Woo Seo

Visual Place Recognition (VPR) has evolved from handcrafted descriptors to deep learning approaches, yet significant challenges remain. Current approaches, including Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jintao Cheng , Weibin Li , Jiehao Luo , Xiaoyu Tang , Zhijian He , Jin Wu , Yao Zou , Wei Zhang

Training tool-augmented LLMs has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing language models' capabilities for complex tasks. The current supervised fine-tuning paradigm relies on constructing extensive domain-specific datasets to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yutai Hou , Yuxian Wang , Li Du , Juyi Dai , Qiuyang Ding , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Weiwen Liu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Motivated by the challenge presented by non-Markovian objectives in reinforcement learning (RL), we present a novel framework to track and represent the progress of autonomous agents through complex, multi-stage tasks. Given a specification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Noel Brindise , Cedric Langbort , Melkior Ornik

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great effectiveness in quadrotor control, enabling specialized policies to develop even human-champion-level performance in single-task scenarios. However, these specialized policies often struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jiaxu Xing , Ismail Geles , Yunlong Song , Elie Aljalbout , Davide Scaramuzza

Planning safe trajectories under uncertain and dynamic conditions makes the autonomous driving problem significantly complex. Current sampling-based methods such as Rapidly Exploring Random Trees (RRTs) are not ideal for this problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Kaleb Ben Naveed , Zhiqian Qiao , John M. Dolan

Autonomous parking is a critical component for achieving safe and efficient urban autonomous driving. However, unstructured environments and dynamic interactions pose significant challenges to autonomous parking tasks. To address this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Zewei Yang , Zengqi Peng , Jun Ma

Zero-shot reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a setting for developing general agents, capable of solving downstream tasks without additional training or planning at test-time. While conventional RL optimizes policies for fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jacopo Di Ventura , Jan Felix Kleuker , Aske Plaat , Thomas Moerland

This paper investigates the vision-based autonomous driving with deep learning and reinforcement learning methods. Different from the end-to-end learning method, our method breaks the vision-based lateral control system down into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Dong Li , Dongbin Zhao , Qichao Zhang , Yaran Chen

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) offers a powerful and general framework for learning humans' latent preferences in route recommendation, yet no approach has successfully addressed planetary-scale problems with hundreds of millions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Matt Barnes , Matthew Abueg , Oliver F. Lange , Matt Deeds , Jason Trader , Denali Molitor , Markus Wulfmeier , Shawn O'Banion

Modern approaches to autonomous driving rely heavily on learned components trained with large amounts of human driving data via imitation learning. However, these methods require large amounts of expensive data collection and even then face…

End-to-end autonomous driving models based on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architectures have shown promising results by learning driving policies through behavior cloning on expert demonstrations. However, imitation learning inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zihao Sheng , Xin Ye , Jingru Luo , Sikai Chen , Liu Ren

Most prior methods for learning navigation policies require access to simulation environments, as they need online policy interaction and rely on ground-truth maps for rewards. However, building simulators is expensive (requires manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Meera Hahn , Devendra Chaplot , Shubham Tulsiani , Mustafa Mukadam , James M. Rehg , Abhinav Gupta

Effective information searching is essential for enhancing the reasoning and generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent research has explored using reinforcement learning (RL) to improve LLMs' search capabilities by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hao Sun , Zile Qiao , Jiayan Guo , Xuanbo Fan , Yingyan Hou , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Yan Zhang , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Developing and testing automated driving models in the real world might be challenging and even dangerous, while simulation can help with this, especially for challenging maneuvers. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has the potential to…

In this paper, we propose Sparse Imitation Reinforcement Learning (SIRL), a hybrid end-to-end control policy that combines the sparse expert driving knowledge with reinforcement learning (RL) policy for autonomous driving (AD) task in CARLA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Yuci Han , Alper Yilmaz

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is a powerful framework for improving the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current methods such as GRPO rely only on problems where the model responses to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Thanh-Long V. Le , Myeongho Jeon , Kim Vu , Viet Lai , Eunho Yang

Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) enables large language models (LLMs) to solve complex tasks by interacting with external tools, yet existing approaches depend on high-quality synthesized trajectories selected by scoring functions and sparse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Siyu Gong , Linan Yue , Weibo Gao , Fangzhou Yao , Shimin Di , Lei Feng , Min-Ling Zhang

In reinforcement learning (RL) research, simulations enable benchmarks between algorithms, as well as prototyping and hyper-parameter tuning of agents. In order to promote RL both in research and real-world applications, frameworks are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Christian Bitter , Timo Thun , Tobias Meisen