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In non-Hermitian systems, the defective band degeneracies, so-called exceptional points (EPs), can form robust exceptional lines (ELs) in 3D momentum space in the absence of any symmetries. Here, we show that a natural orientation can be…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-13 Ruo-Yang Zhang , Xiaohan Cui , Wen-Jie Chen , Zhao-Qing Zhang , C. T. Chan

Non-Hermitian systems have Riemann surface structures of complex eigenvalues that admit singularities known as exceptional points. Combining with geometric phases of eigenstates gives rise to unique properties of non-Hermitian systems, and…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-19 Jung-Wan Ryu , Jae-Ho Han , Chang-Hwan Yi

Non-Hermitian physics has unlocked a wealth of unconventional wave phenomena beyond the reach of Hermitian systems, with exceptional points (EPs) driving enhanced sensitivity, nonreciprocal transport, and topological behavior unique to…

Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies of non-Hermitian operators where, in addition to the eigenvalues, corresponding eigenmodes become degenerate. Classical and quantum photonic systems with EPs have attracted tremendous attention due…

We develop a generalized non-Hermitian Hamiltonian formalism for guided resonances in photonic crystal slabs, derived directly from Maxwell's equations through a systematic guided-mode expansion. By expanding the electromagnetic fields over…

The dynamical encirclement around a second order exceptional point (EP) and corresponding chirality driven nonadiabatic modal dynamics have attracted enormous attention in the topological study of various non-Hermitian systems. However,…

Optics · Physics 2020-04-08 Sibnath Dey , Arnab Laha , Somnath Ghosh

The complex eigenenergies and non-orthogonal eigenstates of non-Hermitian systems exhibit unique topological phenomena that cannot appear in Hermitian systems. Representative examples are the non-Hermitian skin effect and exceptional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Jung-Wan Ryu , Jae-Ho Han , Chang-Hwan Yi , Hee Chul Park , Moon Jip Park

We investigate the existence of higher order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems, and show that $\mu$-fold EPs are stable in $\mu-1$ dimensions in the presence of anti-unitary symmetries that are local in parameter space, such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 Pierre Delplace , Tsuneya Yoshida , Yasuhiro Hatsugai

Eigenstates of a non-Hermitian system exist on complex Riemannian manifolds, with multiple sheets connecting at branch cuts and exceptional points (EPs). These eigenstates can evolve across different sheets, a process that naturally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-18 Weiyuan Tang , Kun Ding , Guancong Ma

Exceptional degeneracies, at which both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, and parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry, reflecting balanced gain and loss in photonic systems, are paramount concepts in non-Hermitian systems. We here…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Marcus Stålhammar , Emil J. Bergholtz

We develop a complete theory of symmetry and topology in non-Hermitian physics. We demonstrate that non-Hermiticity ramifies the celebrated Altland-Zirnbauer symmetry classification for insulators and superconductors. In particular, charge…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Kohei Kawabata , Ken Shiozaki , Masahito Ueda , Masatoshi Sato

Non-Hermiticity has emerged as a new paradigm for controlling coupled-mode systems in ways that cannot be achieved with conventional techniques. One aspect of this control that has received considerable attention recently is the encircling…

The physics of systems that cannot be described by a Hermitian Hamiltonian, has been attracting a great deal of attention in recent years, motivated by their nontrivial responses and by a plethora of applications for sensing, lasing, energy…

Optics · Physics 2021-03-16 Alex Krasnok , Nikita Nefedkin , Andrea Alu

Exceptional points (EPs) have recently attracted considerable attention in the study of non-Hermitian systems and in applications such as sensors and mode switching. In particular, nontrivial topological structures of EPs have been studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Kyu-Won Park , Jinuk Kim , Kabgyun Jeong

The emergence of exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems represents an intriguing phenomenon characterized by the coalescence of eigenenergies and eigenstates. When a system approaches an exceptional point, it exhibits a heightened…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Shu-Xuan Wang , Zhongbo Yan

Higher-order exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems have recently been used as a tool to engineer high-sensitivity devices, attracting tremendous attention from multidisciplinary fields. Here, we present a simple yet effective scheme…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-31 Ambaresh Sahoo , Amarendra K. Sarma

Exceptional points (EPs) are non-Hermitian degeneracies where eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, giving rise to unusual physical effects across scientific disciplines. The concept of EPs has recently been extended to nonlinear physical…

We study a non-Hermitian $PT-$symmetric generalization of an $N$-particle, two-mode Bose-Hubbard system, modeling for example a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double well potential coupled to a continuum via a sink in one of the wells and a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-05-31 E. M. Graefe , U. Guenther , H. J. Korsch , A. E. Niederle

Non-Abelian gauge fields are versatile tools for synthesizing topological phenomena but have so far been mostly studied in Hermitian systems, where gauge flux has to be defined from a closed loop in order for gauge fields, whether Abelian…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-31 Zehai Pang , Jinbing Hu , Yi Yang

Exceptional points are complex branching singularities of non-Hermitian bands that have lately attracted considerable interest, particularly in non-Hermitian photonics. In this article, we review some recent developments in non-Hermitian…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-31 Haiyu Meng , Yee Sin Ang , Ching Hua Lee