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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has extended the frontier of galaxy detection to redshifts z>11, finding a high abundance of UV-bright sources that challenge theoretical models. However, most current results come from just a few…
The Nitrogen-to-Oxygen (N/O) abundance ratio is an important diagnostic of galaxy evolution since the ratio is closely tied to the growth of metallicity and the star formation history in galaxies. Estimates for the N/O ratio are…
We analyze the evolution of massive (log$_{10}$ [$M_\star/M_\odot$] $>10$) galaxies at $z \sim$ 4--8 selected from the JWST Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. We infer the physical properties of all galaxies in the CEERS…
Recent JWST observations of the z=10.6 galaxy GN-z11 have revealed a very high gas-phase nitrogen abundance (higher than four times the solar value), a very small half-light radius(~ 60 pc), and a large stellar mass (M_s ~ 10^9 M_sun) for…
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed an unexpected excess of UV-bright galaxies at z>10, unaccounted for by extrapolations from pre-JWST observations and theoretical models. Understanding the physical properties and star…
JWST spectroscopy has built large emission line samples at $z\gtrsim4$, but it has yet to confidently reveal many galaxies with the hard radiation fields commonly associated with AGN photoionization. While this may indicate a weaker UV…
The James Webb Space Telescope will allow to spectroscopically study an unprecedented number of galaxies deep into the reionization era, notably by detecting [OIII] and H$\beta$ nebular emission lines. To efficiently prepare such…
We determined C, N and alpha-element relative abundances in the gas surrounding six QSOs at an average redshift of < z > ~ 2.4, by studying six narrow associated absorption systems in UVES high-resolution spectra. We found five systems with…
Deep, near-infrared imaging surveys have been motivated by the desire to study the rest-frame optical properties and stellar content of galaxies at high redshift. Here we briefly review their history, and illustrate one application, using…
Large surveys of galaxies in the local and high-redshift Universe have, traditionally, relied on the intensity of rest-optical emission lines from metal ions in the Interstellar Medium (ISM) to indirectly estimate the O/H abundance in the…
We exploit James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRCam observations from the GLASS-JWST-Early Release Science program to investigate galaxy stellar masses at z>7. We first show that JWST observations reduce the uncertainties on the stellar…
Early results from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have hinted at two traces beyond the standard cosmological framework. One is the extraordinarily high stellar masses and their density at $z=7.5\sim9.1$, another is the…
We present ionizing photon production efficiencies (${\xi}_{\rm ion}$) for 63 z=1.5-6.9 star-forming galaxies using precise nebular dust attenuation corrections from the JWST/AURORA survey. A subset of objects within AURORA have…
We present the demography of dust attenuation, including its mass dependence and redshift evolution, using spectroscopic samples of 34,182 SDSS galaxies at $z\sim0.1$ and 863 JWST/JADES galaxies at $z\sim1.5$--$7$. We find that, on average,…
The derivation of nebular abundances in galaxies using strong line methods is simple and quick. Various indices have been designed and calibrated for this purpose, and they are widely used. However, abundances derived with such methods may…
The changes in colors across a galaxy are intimately connected to the galaxy's formation, growth, quenching history, and dust content. A particularly important epoch in the growth of galaxies is near $z \sim 2$ often referred to as `cosmic…
Most of the massive star-forming galaxies are found to have `inside-out' stellar mass growth modes, which means the inner parts of the galaxies mainly consist of the older stellar population, while the star forming in the outskirt of the…
We infer the evolution of the UV luminosities of galaxies in haloes of masses $10^{10} - 10^{11} M_{\odot}$ in the redshift range of $z \sim 9-16$ from the recent JWST data. Within the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, it is found…
Early JWST observations reveal an unexpectedly abundant population of high-redshift candidate massive galaxies at $z \gtrsim 7$, and recent DESI measurements show a preference for dynamical dark energy, which together present a significant…
We present observations and initial analysis from an HST/STIS program to obtain the first co-spatial, UV-optical spectra of ten Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe). Our primary objective was to measure the critical emission lines of carbon and…