Related papers: A word on thermal equilibrium and fluctuations of …
We review the general aspects of the concept of temperature in equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Although temperature is an old and well-established notion, it still presents controversial facets. After a short…
We consider the probability measure minimizing a free energy functional equal to the sum of a Coulomb interaction, a confinement potential and an entropy term, which arises in the statistical mechanics of Coulomb gases. In the limit where…
We study the relative phase fluctuations of two one-dimensional condensates coupled along their whole extension with a local single-atom interaction. The thermal equilibrium is defined by the competition between independent longitudinal…
Traditionally, it is understood that fluctuations in the equilibrium distribution are not evident in thermodynamic systems of large $N$ (the number of particles in the system) \cite{Huang1}. In this paper we examine the validity of this…
This review presents the effective temperature notion as defined from the deviations from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem in out of equilibrium systems with slow dynamics. The thermodynamic meaning of this quantity is…
We consider mesoscopic fluctuations of the Coulomb drag coefficient $\rho_D$ in the system of two separated two-dimensional electron gases. It is shown that at low temperatures sample to sample fluctuations of $\rho_D$ exceed its ensemble…
When long-range interactions are present the usual definition of temperature implies that two systems in thermal equilibrium can be at different temperatures. This local temperature has physical significance, if the sub-systems cease to…
We study a class of nonequilibrium lattice models which describe local redistributions of a globally conserved energy. A particular subclass can be solved analytically, allowing to define a temperature T_{th} along the same lines as in the…
We study a class of radially symmetric Coulomb gas ensembles at inverse temperature $\beta=2$, for which the droplet consists of a number of concentric annuli, having at least one bounded ``gap'' $G$, i.e., a connected component of the…
Thermodynamical equilibrium is considered as an effect of quantum entangling of the vacuum state of a system. An explicit mathematical model of multi- particle entangled pure quantum states is developed and analyzed. In the framework, the…
A general expression for the temperature of a finite-dimensional quantum system is deduced from thermodynamic arguments. At equilibrium, this magnitude coincides with the standard thermodynamic temperature. Furthermore, it is well-defined…
A generalized fluctuation-response relation is found for thermal systems driven out of equilibrium. Its derivation is independent of many details of the dynamics, which is only required to be first-order. The result gives a correction to…
Experiments with trapped atomic gases have opened novel possibilities for studying the evolution of nonequilibrium finite quantum systems, which revived the necessity of reconsidering and developing the theory of such processes. This review…
Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small nonequilibrium systems. While work and heat are equally important forms of energy exchange, fluctuation relations have not been experimentally…
We study fluctuations of pressure in equilibrium for classical particle systems. In equilibrium statistical mechanics, pressure for a microscopic state is defined by the derivative of a thermodynamic function or, more mechanically, through…
Molecular dynamics simulations of a quasi-harmonic solid are conducted to elucidate the meaning of temperature fluctuations in canonical systems and validate a well-known but frequently contested equation predicting the mean square of such…
The Coulomb contribution to the temperature-dependent rate of momentum transfer, $1/\tau_D$, between two electron systems in parallel layers is determined by setting up two coupled Boltzmann equations, with the boundary condition that no…
We consider the system of particles with equal charges and nearest neighbour Coulomb interaction on the interval. We study local properties of this system, in particular the distribution of distances between neighbouring charges. For zero…
The influence of the environment in the thermal equilibrium properties of a bipartite continuous variable quantum system is studied. The problem is treated within a system-plus-reservoir approach. The considered model reproduces the…
The energy of a finite system thermally connected to a thermal reservoir may fluctuate, while the temperature is a constant representing a thermodynamic property of the reservoir. The finite system can also be used as a thermometer for the…