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We propose a method of compiling that permits to identify quantum circuits able to simulate arbitrary $n$-qubit unitary operations via the adjustment of angles in single-qubit gates therein. The method of compiling itself extends older…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Rahul P. Singh , A. Mandilara

We present a universal quantum computing architecture which combines the measurement-driven aspect of MBQC with the circuit model's algorithm dependent generation of qubit entanglement. Our architecture, which we call QGATE, is tailored for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Samuel J. Sheldon , Pieter Kok , Callum W. Duncan

Classical simulation of noisy quantum circuits is essential for understanding quantum computing experiments. It enables scalable error characterization, analysis of how noise impacts quantum algorithms, and optimized implementations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Ashe Miller , Corey Ostrove , Jordan Hines , Robin Blume-Kohout , Kevin Young , Timothy Proctor

Before executing a quantum algorithm, one must first decompose the algorithm into machine-level instructions compatible with the architecture of the quantum computer, a process known as quantum compiling. There are many different quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-08 Luke Heyfron , Earl T. Campbell

Recent advances in quantum hardware are bringing fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) closer to reality. In the early stage of FTQC, however, the numbers of available logical qubits and high-fidelity $T$ gates remain limited, making it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Yuya O. Nakagawa , Yasunori Lee

We study the implementation of quantum channels with quantum computers while minimizing the experimental cost, measured in terms of the number of Controlled-NOT (C-NOT) gates required (single-qubit gates are free). We consider three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Raban Iten , Roger Colbeck , Matthias Christandl

Most work in quantum circuit optimization has been performed in isolation from the results of quantum fault-tolerance. Here we present a polynomial-time algorithm for optimizing quantum circuits that takes the actual implementation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 Matthew Amy , Dmitri Maslov , Michele Mosca

In existing general-purpose architectures for surface-code-based fault-tolerant quantum computers, the cost of a quantum computation is determined by the circuit volume, i.e., the number of qubits multiplied by the number of non-Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-29 Daniel Litinski , Naomi Nickerson

In quantum computation every unitary operation can be decomposed into quantum circuits-a series of single-qubit rotations and a single type entangling two-qubit gates, such as controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates. Two measures are important when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-07 Martin Plesch , Časlav Brukner

We present a set of efficiently implementable logical multi-qubit gates in concatenated quantum error correction codes using parity qubits. In particular, we show how fault-tolerant high-weight rotation gates of arbitrary angle can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Anette Messinger , Christophe Goeller , Wolfgang Lechner

We present two deterministic algorithms to approximate single-qutrit gates. These algorithms utilize the Clifford + $\mathbf{R}$ group to find the best approximation of diagonal rotations. The first algorithm exhaustively searches over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm , Diyi Liu , Edison M. Murairi , Shuchen Zhu

The Clifford hierarchy is a nested sequence of sets of quantum gates critical to achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation. Diagonal gates of the Clifford hierarchy and 'nearly diagonal' semi-Clifford gates are particularly important:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Nadish de Silva

We construct optimized implementations of the CNOT and other universal two-qubit gates that, unlike many of the previously proposed protocols, are carried out in a single step. The new protocols require tunable inter-qubit couplings but, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 I. A. Grigorenko , D. V. Khveshchenko

The prevalent approach to executing quantum algorithms on quantum computers is to break-down the algorithms to a concatenation of universal gates, typically single and two-qubit gates. However such a decomposition results in long gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 Yotam Shapira , Ravid Shaniv , Tom Manovitz , Nitzan Akerman , Lee Peleg , Lior Gazit , Roee Ozeri , Ady Stern

Many quantum information protocols require the implementation of random unitaries. Because it takes exponential resources to produce Haar-random unitaries drawn from the full $n$-qubit group, one often resorts to $t$-designs. Unitary…

We consider the problem of approximating arbitrary single-qubit z-rotations by ancilla-free Clifford+T circuits, up to given epsilon. We present a fast new probabilistic algorithm for solving this problem optimally, i.e., for finding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Neil J. Ross , Peter Selinger

Reliable qubits are difficult to engineer, but standard fault-tolerance schemes use seven or more physical qubits to encode each logical qubit, with still more qubits required for error correction. The large overhead makes it hard to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-02 Rui Chao , Ben W. Reichardt

Today ion traps are among the most promising physical systems for constructing a quantum device harnessing the computing power inherent in the laws of quantum physics. The standard circuit model of quantum computing requires a universal set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-29 J. Benhelm , G. Kirchmair , C. F. Roos , R. Blatt

We give analytical solutions for the time-optimal synthesis of entangling gates between indirectly coupled qubits 1 and 3 in a linear spin chain of three qubits subject to an Ising Hamiltonian interaction with equal coupling $J$ plus a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-01 A. Carlini , A. Hosoya , T. Koike , Y. Okudaira

We present improved quantum circuit for modular exponentiation of a constant, which is the most expensive operation in Shor's algorithm for integer factorization. While previous work mostly focuses on minimizing the number of qubits or the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Xia Liu , Huan Yang , Li Yang
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